Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Glutamate
By K. Cai, M. Haris, Anup Singh, Feliks Kogan, J. Greenberg, H. Hariharan, John A. Detre, Ravinder Reddy. Nature Medicine, 2012
635 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Glutamate, a major neurotransmitter in the brain, shows a pH- and concentration-dependent chemical exchange saturation transfer effect (GluCEST) between its amine group and bulk water, with potential for in vivo imaging by nuclear magnetic resonance. GluCEST asymmetry is observed ∼3 p.p.m. downfield from bulk water. Middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat brain resulted in an ∼100% elevation of GluCEST in the ipsilateral side compared with the contralateral side, predominantly owing to pH changes. In a rat brain tumor model with blood-brain barrier disruption, intravenous glutamate injection resulted in a clear elevation of GluCEST and a similar increase in the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy signal of glutamate. GluCEST maps from healthy human brain were also obtained. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using GluCEST for mapping relative changes in glutamate concentration, as well as pH, in vivo. Contributions from other brain metabolites to the GluCEST effect are also discussed.
Subfields: Biophysics, Materials Chemistry, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0fd41849d8a43c17e53effb504cf6a327dfc5183
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Citations in the corpus
- Magnetization Transfer Contrast and Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer MRI. Features and Analysis of the Field-Dependent Saturation Spectrum (2017, background): “11), and the consequential overlap with other coalesced resonances from GABA, glutamine (Gln), and taurine (Tau), Reddy and coworkers (Cai et al., 2012, 2013; Singh et al., 2013) have reported that, under the right B1 and B0 conditions, Glu and changes in its concentration can be detected.”
- Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE) Imaging in the Human Brain at 7 T (2013, neutral): “, 2008) and tissue metabolite studies using OH and NH2 protons (Cai et al., 2012; Haris et al., 2011; Van Zijl et al., 2007) have been reported.”