Critical ruptures

By Anders Johansen Didier Sornette. 2000

135 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract:The fracture of materials is a catastrophic phenomenon of considerable technological and scientific importance. Here, we analysed experiments designed for industrial applications in order to test the concept that, in heterogeneous materials such as fiber composites, rocks, concrete under compression and materials with large distributed residual stresses, rupture is a genuine critical point, i.e., the culmination of a self-organization of damage and cracking characterized by power law signatures. Specifically, we analyse the acoustic emissions recorded during the pressurisation of spherical tanks of kevlar or carbon fibers pre-impregnated in a resin matrix wrapped up around a thin metallic liner (steel or titanium) fabricated and instrumented by Aérospatiale-Matra Inc. These experiments are performed as part of a routine industrial procedure which tests the quality of the tanks prior to shipment. We find that the seven acoustic emission recordings of seven pressure tanks which was brought to rupture exhibit clear acceleration in agreement with a power law “divergence” expected from the critical point theory. In addition, we find strong evidence of log-periodic corrections that quantify the intermittent succession of accelerating bursts and quiescent phases of the acoustic emissions on the approach to rupture. An improved model accounting for the cross-over from the non-critical to the critical region close to the rupture point exhibits interesting predictive potential.

Subfields: Civil and Structural Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/0f9ba2e4dca3532895f29685b2467d6e31dee9ca

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In Civil and Structural Engineering

Citations in the corpus

Dragon-kings: Mechanisms, statistical methods and empirical evidence (2012, background): “on of the critical rupture concept can be found in (Sornette and Vanneste, 1992; Vanneste and Sornette, 1992; Lamaignère et al., 1996; Andersen et al., 1997; Sornette and Andersen, 1998; Johansen and Sornette, 2000; Ide and Sornette, 2002). 4.4 Extraordinary snow avalanches as dragon-kings Ancey (20”
Prediction (2010, unknown): “This method has been used in particular for mat erial failure (recording of microdamage for instance via acoustic emissions) [3, 34, 64], hum an parturition (proposed recording of the mother-foetus maturation process via Braxton-hicks co ntractions of the uterus) [139, 138], financial crashes (monit”
Micro and macroscopic models of rock fracture (2003, background): “Anifrani et al. (1995) and Johansen & Sornette (2000) studied the rupture of spherical tanks of kevlar wrapped around thin metallic linens and found a power-law increase of acoustic emissions prior to rupture.”
Dragon-Kings, Black Swans and the Prediction of Crises (2009, background): “theory of positive feedback of the present damage that impacts future damage [27,59,60], one can predict the final rupture to be a finite-time singularity with specific log-periodic power law (LPPL) precursors.”
Power laws and Self-Organized Criticality in Theory and Nature (2013, methodology): “arge part of the system [153]. Interestingly, certain precursors typically precede a dragon king event, thus predicting an incoming catastrophe may be possible in certain cases. Johansen and Sornette [80] used the existence of a log-periodic precursors as an indicator for an impending material failu”
Seismic precursory patterns before a cliff collapse and critical point phenomena (2005, background): “This acceleration of brittle damage before failure is sometimes reported during lab scale experiments that use acoustic emission measurements during the fracturing of brittle heterogeneous material [Guarino et al., 1998; Johansen and Sornette, 2000; Nechad et al., 2005].”