Photosynthates stimulate the UV‐B induced fungal anthraquinone synthesis in the foliose lichen Xanthoria parietina

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Photoinhibition in lichens depends on cortical characteristics and hydration (2004, background): “The acetone rinsing did not adversely affect important physiological processes in the mycobiont or the photobiont (Solhaug et al. 2003; Solhaug & Gauslaa 2004); in X. parietina, FV/FM values were slightly but significantly higher after extraction (see Fig.”
UV triggers the synthesis of the widely distributed secondary lichen compound usnic acid (2006, methodology): “The main objective was to test if these factors, which have been shown to induce and stimulate the re-synthesis of the strongly coloured parietin in members of the lichenised order Telochistales (Solhaug et al. 2003; Solhaug and Gauslaa 2004), also function for the widespread colourless or weakly co”
Viability of the lichen Xanthoria elegans and its symbionts after 18 months of space exposure and simulated Mars conditions on the ISS (2014, background): “…encrusted cortex of X. elegans constitutes 8% of the total thallus thickness (Meeßen et al. 2013b) hence the additional quantity of secondary metabolites is adding to the insolation protection of the sensitive PB, more than e.g. sole cortex thickness (Dietz et al. 2000; Gauslaa & Solhaug 2004).”