Tensile, water vapor barrier and antimicrobial properties of PLA/nanoclay composite films

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Eco-Challenges of Bio-Based Polymer Composites (2009, background): “The incorporation of nanoparticles in certain biodegradable matrices could significantly affect the crystallization behavior, morphology, mechanical properties as well as biodegradation [21].”
On the use of plant cellulose nanowhiskers to enhance the barrier properties of polylactic acid (2010, neutral): “Literature value PLA ( Rhim et al. 2009 ) 1.80e -14”
A review of the water barrier properties of polymer/clay and polymer/graphene nanocomposites (2016, background): “In terms of filler concentration, numerous studies have found that the optimum nanoclay content is around 5 weight % or below [13, 16, 28, 33, 46, 47, 49, 50, 53, 57, 59-61, 63, 66, 69].”
Bioplastics and food packaging: A review (2015, background): “Properties of certain bioplastics like thermal instability, difficult heat saleability, brittleness, low melt strength, high water vapour and oxygen permeability of PLA limit their use as films in food packaging applications (Rhim et al., 2009).”
Polymer Nanocomposites as a New Trend for Packaging Applications (2013, background): “The increased barrier property against water vapor transmission suggests a great potential of the PLA=clay composite films in the application of food and beverage packaging([137]).”