Something from "nothing"--eight weak estrogenic chemicals combined at concentrations below NOECs produce significant mixture effects.

By Elisabete Silva, Nissanka Rajapakse, A. Kortenkamp. Environmental Science and Technology, 2002

861 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Environmental Chemistry, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/066923aaa84b982861dc98f6e0ccdcf9c7138cb3

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Environmental Chemistry

In Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

Citations in the corpus

Concerns over use of glyphosate-based herbicides and risks associated with exposures: a consensus statement (2016, background): “fects that are not predicted from tests of single compounds [40, 41].”
The presence of pharmaceuticals in the environment due to human use--present knowledge and future challenges. (2009, background): “However, it has been found that mixtures might exhibit different effects than single compounds (Silva et al., 2002; Cleuvers, 2004, 2008; Backhaus et al., 2004, 2008; Pomati et al., 2007).”
Assessment of fish health status in four Swiss rivers showing a decline of brown trout catches (2007, background): “In this context, the importance of mixture effects for biological responses has to be emphasized, including combination of chemicals (e.g., Silva et al., 2002 ) as well as combinations between chemicals and physical or biological stressors.”
Delta smelt: Life history and decline of a once-abundant species in the San Francisco estuary (2016, background): “There is increasing evidence that compounds in mixtures show adverse effects at concentrations at which no effects are observed for SAN FRANCISCO ESTUARY & WATERSHED SCIENCE 16 VOLUME 14, ISSUE 2, ARTICLE 7 single toxicants (e.g., Silva et al. 2002; Walter et al. 2002; Baas et al. 2009).”
Hormones and endocrine-disrupting chemicals: low-dose effects and nonmonotonic dose responses. (2012, neutral): “These types of studies would take decades to conduct (67) and should take into consideration the effects of other estrogens, because their effects can be additive or even synergistic (143, 144, 297).”
Rationale and Procedures for Using the Tissue-Residue Approach for Toxicity Assessment and Determination of Tissue, Water, and Sediment Quality Guidelines for Aquatic Organisms (2006, background): “Another example is from Silva et al. (2002) who demonstrated dose additivity with estrogenic compounds.”
Ten Years of Mixing Cocktails: A Review of Combination Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals (2007, neutral): “There is a rich literature about the molecular biology underlying the interactions between dioxins and estrogens (Sone and Yonemoto 2002).”
Bisphenol S and F: A Systematic Review and Comparison of the Hormonal Activity of Bisphenol A Substitutes (2015, background): “For example, BPF showed cumulative, possibly synergistic, actions in vivo when co-administered with an androgen (Yamasaki et al. 2003), and BPA has also been shown to have these types of effects when combined with other hormones or xeno estrogens (Kang et al. 2002; Silva et al. 2002).”
Urban contribution of pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants to streams during differing flow conditions. (2004, background): “, 2001) even when individual chemicals are present at concentrations below their NOEC (no-observed-effects concentration) values (Silva et al., 2002) and for compounds with different modes of action (Porter et al.”
Unravelling the Impacts of Micropollutants in Aquatic Ecosystems: Interdisciplinary Studies at the Interface of Large-Scale Ecology (2016, background): “Ecotoxicological tests have demonstrated the toxicity of a wide range of single MPs, MP mixtures (Carvalho et al., 2014; Silva et al., 2002) and treated WW effluents (Bundschuh and Schulz, 2011) on aquatic organisms.”
Human Breast Milk Contamination with Phthalates and Alterations of Endogenous Reproductive Hormones in Infants Three Months of Age (2005, background): “In situations where mixtures of agents even in minute concentrations contribute to the adverse effects (Silva et al. 2002), causal relationships are extremely difficult to establish.”