Molecular basis of long-term plasticity underlying addiction

By E. Nestler. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2001

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Brain reward circuitry: insights from unsensed incentives. (2002, background): “…inhibitor nomifensine and despite can explain the transition from habit to compulsion (e.g.,the fact that phencyclidine is, like nomifensine (but at Nestler, 1992, 2001; Robinson and Berridge, 1993, 2000;higher concentrations), a dopamine uptake inhibitor White and Kalivas, 1998; Berke and Hyman,…”
The mesolimbic dopamine reward circuit in depression. (2006, background): “As well, there is now considerable evidence that adaptations in the VTA-NAc in response to chronic drug administration mediate some of the pathological behaviors that characterize the addicted state (Hyman and Malenka 2001; Nestler 2001; Everitt and Wolf 2002; Kalivas 2004).”
Neurobiological mechanisms for opponent motivational processes in addiction (2008, background): “As dependence and withdrawal develop, brain stress systems such as CRF, NA and dynorphin are recruited (figure 5), producing aversive or stress-like states (Aston-Jones et al. 1999; Nestler 2001; Koob 2003).”