A General Model for Testing Mediation and Moderation Effects

By Amanda J. Fairchild, David P. MacKinnon. Prevention Science, 2009

925 citations recorded by the source corpus.

This paper describes methods for testing mediation and moderation effects in a dataset, both together and separately. Investigations of this kind are especially valuable in prevention research to obtain information on the process by which a program achieves its effects and whether the program is effective for subgroups of individuals. A general model that simultaneously estimates mediation and moderation effects is presented, and the utility of combining the effects into a single model is described. Possible effects of interest in the model are explained, as are statistical methods to assess these effects. The methods are further illustrated in a hypothetical prevention program example.

Subfields: Clinical Psychology, Management Science and Operations Research, Statistics and Probability

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/02eb956c0417e10c2bbd1fe2146e66d9715f0083

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Citations in the corpus

Grit and Different Aspects of Well-Being: Direct and Indirect Relationships via Sense of Coherence and Authenticity (2016, methodology): “A heterogeneity test (Altman and Bland 2003; Fairchild and MacKinnon 2009) examining the significance of the gender differences between indirect effects was used to evaluate whether gender moderated the tested indirect effects.”
The Moderating Effect of Firm Size on the Relationship Between Capital Structure and Financial Distress of Non-Financial Companies Listed in Kenya (2017, methodology): “The procedure involves transforming the variable by subtracting the sample mean prior to computing the product terms (Fairchild & MacKinnon, 2009).”
Regression-based statistical mediation and moderation analysis in clinical research: Observations, recommendations, and implementation. (2017, methodology): “…AN US CR IP T AC CE PT ED started writing in a systematic way about procedures for estimating and interpreting models that allow indirect effects to be dependent on other variables (e.g., Edwards & Lambert, 2007; Fairchild & MacKinnon, 2009; Muller, Judd, & Yzerbyt, 2005; Preacher et al., 2007).”
Differences in Life Satisfaction and School Satisfaction Among Adolescents From Three Nations: The Role of Perceived Autonomy Support (2011, methodology): “…Denmark, United States, and S. Korea, respectively. po.001; po.01; po.05; wpo.10. construction of the path model was based on recommendations by Fairchild and MacKinnon (2009), Li et al. (1998), and Preacher, Rucker, and Hayes (2007) regarding models that combine mediation and moderation tests.”
Implementation Research (2016, background): “Moderating variables affect the direction or strength of relationships between predictor variables and outcomes by reducing, enhancing, or changing their influence (Fairchild & MacKinnon, 2009).”
Latent Class Analysis: An Alternative Perspective on Subgroup Analysis in Prevention and Treatment (2013, methodology): “More recently, extensions of this model such as moderated mediation have also been explored (e.g., Fairchild and MacKinnon 2009; MacKinnon 2009).”
Conditional Process Analysis: Concepts, Computation, and Advances in the Modeling of the Contingencies of Mechanisms (2020, background): “…important articles and a few books have introduced systematic approaches to integrating moderation and mediation analysis (Edwards & Lambert, 2007; Fairchild & MacKinnon, 2009; Hayes, 2018a; Langfred, 2004; MacKinnon, 2008; Muller, Judd, & Yzerbyt, 2005; Preacher, Rucker, & Hayes, 2007;…”
Two-condition within-participant statistical mediation analysis: A path-analytic framework. (2017, methodology): “There is a growing literature on methods for examining the moderation of components of a mediation process (Edwards & Lambert, 2007; Fairchild & MacKinnon, 2009; Hayes, 2013; Muller, Judd, & Yzerbyt, 2005; Preacher, Rucker, & Hayes, 2007).”
An Index and Test of Linear Moderated Mediation (2015, background): “Fairchild and MacKinnon (2009) discuss the comparison of indirect effects when the moderator is dichotomous by”
Partial, conditional, and moderated moderated mediation: Quantification, inference, and interpretation (2018, background): “…all very similar though differing in emphasis, to answering the question as to whether mediation is moderated (e.g., Edwards & Lambert, 2007; Fairchild & MacKinnon, 2009; Hayes, 2015; Hayes & Preacher, 2013; Muller, Judd, & Yzerbyt, 2005; Preacher, Rucker, & Hayes, 2007; Wang & Preacher,…”
The Analysis of Mechanisms and Their Contingencies: PROCESS versus Structural Equation Modeling (2017, background): “Some examples found in the pages of Australasian Marketing Journal include Kongarchapatara and Shannon (2016), Baxter and Kleinaltenkamp (2015), and Schiele and Vos (2015).”