Fundamental properties of core-collapse Supernova and GRB progenitors: predicting the look of massive stars before death

By J. Groh, G. Meynet, C. Georgy, S. Ekström. 2013

151 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We investigate the fundamental properties of core-collapse Supernova (SN) progenitors from single stars at solar meta llicity. For this purpose, we combine Geneva stellar evolutionary models with initial masses of Mini = 20− 120 M⊙ with atmospheric/wind models using the radiative transfer code CMFGEN. We provide synthetic photometry and high-resolution spectra of hot stars at t he pre-SN stage. For models with Mini = 9− 20 M⊙, we supplement our analysis using publicly available MARCS model atmospheres of RSGs to estimate their synthetic photometry. We employ well-established observational criteria of spectroscopic classifi cation and find that massive stars, depending on their initial mass and rotation , end their lives as red supergiants (RSG), yellow hypergian ts (YHG), luminous blue variables (LBV), and Wolf-Rayet (WR) stars of the WN and WO spectral types. For rotating models, we obtained the following types of SN progenitors: WO1‐3 (Mini ≥ 32 M⊙), WN10‐11 (25 40 M⊙), WN7‐8 (25< Mini ≤ 40 M⊙), WN11h/LBV (20< Mini ≤ 25 M⊙), and RSGs (9≤ Mini ≤ 20 M⊙). Our rotating models indicate that SN IIP progenitors are all RSG, SN IIL/b progenitors are 56% LBVs and 44% YHGs, SN Ib progenitors are 96% WN10-11 and 4% WOs, and SN Ic progenitors are all WO stars. We find that n ot necessarily the most massive and luminous SN progenitors are the brighter ones in a given filter, since this depends on t heir luminosity, temperature, wind density, and how the spectral energy distribution compares to a filter bandpass. We find that SN IIP progenitors (RSGs) are bright in the RI JHKS filters and faint in the U B filters. SN IIL /b progenitors (LBVs and YHGs), and SN Ib progenitors (WNs) are relatively bright in optical/infrared filters, while SN Ic progenitors (WOs) are faint in all optical filters. We argu e that SN Ib and Ic progenitors from single stars should be undetectable in the available pre-explosion images with the current magnitude limits, in agreement with observational results.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Instrumentation

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/00c033188278983afa9cc201134393417cfb2725

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Citations in the corpus

Observational Constraints on the Progenitors of Core-Collapse Supernovae: The Case for Missing High-Mass Stars (2015, background): “…by Cao et al. (2013) that this was likely the progenitor system and the first detection of a stellar progenitor of a Ibc SN. Cao et al. (2013) and Groh et al. (2013a) proposed that the broad-band magnitudes of the source in the HST images were similar to massive WR stars and a stellar model of…”
The search for failed supernovae with the Large Binocular Telescope: first candidates (2014, background): “For example, the rotating models of Groh et al. (2013) can move the upper mass limit to explode as a red supergiant to as low as 17 M⊙, although c© 0000 RAS these models may be in conflict with recent astroseismic results (Ceillier et al. 2012).”
OBSERVING THE NEXT GALACTIC SUPERNOVA (2013, result): “Other models would yield moderately different results due to differing treatments of mass loss and the transition between being red or blue supergiants and Wolf-Rayet stars at the time of explosion (e.g., Groh et al. 2013).”
The search for failed supernovae with the Large Binocular Telescope: confirmation of a disappearing star (2016, background): “…there are alternative hypotheses for the missing SN progenitors, such as post-RSG evolution occuring at lower masses (e.g., Smith et al. 2011a; Groh et al. 2013) or enhanced dust formation prior to core collapse (e.g., Walmswell & Eldridge 2012; Beasor & Davies 2016), the dearth of…”
TOWARD CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TYPE IIP SUPERNOVA PROGENITOR POPULATION: A STATISTICAL SAMPLE OF LIGHT CURVES FROM Pan-STARRS1 (2014, background): “Black hole fallback formation (Fryer 1999; Heger et al. 2003) and / or progenitor rotation (Georgy et al. 2013; Groh et al. 2013b) may provide a theoretical solution to this “Red Supergiant Problem.””
Bolometric light curves and explosion parameters of 38 stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (2014, background): “Although a high-mass star (MZAMS 30–40 M ) was proposed as the progenitor of the SN Ib iPTF13bvn (Cao et al. 2013; Groh et al. 2013a) based on detections in pre-explosion imaging, the recent works of Fremling et al. (2014), Bersten et al. (2014) and Eldridge et al. (2015) argue against a single…”
The Observer's Guide to the Gamma-Ray Burst-Supernova Connection (2016, background): “However, other recent models have considered alternative evolutionary scenarios whereby LGRB progenitors can lose a great deal of mass before exploding, but still retain enough angular momentum to power a GRB [313, 314, 315].”
Measuring the Progenitor Masses and Dense Circumstellar Material of Type II Supernovae (2017, background): “Despite uncertainties in the upper limit (Smartt et al. 2009; Smith et al. 2011; Groh et al. 2013; Dwarkadas 2014), the stars in this range of ZAMS masses are believed to be progenitors of the bulk of Type II SNe.”