Strong light–matter coupling in two-dimensional atomic crystals

By Xiaoze Liu, T. Galfsky, Zheng Sun, Fengnian Xia, Erh-chen Lin, Yi‐Hsien Lee, St'ephane K'ena-Cohen, V. Menon. Nature Photonics, 2014

1,079 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Two-dimensional atomic crystals of graphene, as well as transition-metal dichalcogenides, have emerged as a class of materials that demonstrate strong interaction with light. This interaction can be further controlled by embedding such materials into optical microcavities. When the interaction rate is engineered to be faster than dissipation from the light and matter entities, one reaches the ‘strong coupling’ regime. This results in the formation of half-light, half-matter bosonic quasiparticles called microcavity polaritons. Here, we report evidence of strong light–matter coupling and the formation of microcavity polaritons in a two-dimensional atomic crystal of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) embedded inside a dielectric microcavity at room temperature. A Rabi splitting of 46 ± 3 meV is observed in angle-resolved reflectivity and photoluminescence spectra due to coupling between the two-dimensional excitons and the cavity photons. Realizing strong coupling at room temperature in two-dimensional materials that offer a disorder-free potential landscape provides an attractive route for the development of practical polaritonic devices. Microcavity polaritons—the bosonic quasiparticles that result from strong light–matter coupling—are observed for the first time in a dielectric cavity containing a monolayer of molybdenum disulphide at room temperature.

Subfields: Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Biomedical Engineering, Materials Chemistry

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ffb69883f088fd4f8c374d0fb77096aaa20fac98

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Citations in the corpus

Polaritons in layered two-dimensional materials. (2016, background): “In transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), reduced screening in the 2D limit leads to optically prominent excitons with large binding energy[15, 16], with these polaritonic modes having been recently observed with scanning near field optical microscopy (SNOM)[17].”
Polaritons in van der Waals materials (2016, neutral): “K. F. Mak, C. Lee, J. Hone, J. Shan, T. F. Heinz, Atomically thin MoS2: A new direct-gap semiconductor.”
Exciton-plasmon coupling interactions: from principle to applications (2017, background): “The strong coupling of exciton-plasmon is achieved when the energy that transfers between the light and exciton is larger than their average dissipation, with the formation of a matter-light hybrid state and a new quasi-particle (plexciton) with distinct properties possessed by neither original part”
Excitons in atomically thin 2D semiconductors and their applications (2017, background): “As shown in Figure 11C and D, the presence of excitons splits the single resonance cavity mode into two branches in the E-k dispersion with a large Rabi splitting (hΩ ~ 53 meV), mapped by angle-resolved reflection and PL spectroscopy [80].”