Quantum Simulators: Architectures and Opportunities

By E. Altman, K. Brown, Giuseppe Carleo, Lincoln D. Carr, E. Demler, C. Chin, B. Demarco, Sophia E. Economou, M. Eriksson, K. Fu and 27 more. PRX Quantum, 2019

496 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Quantum simulators are a promising technology on the spectrum of quantum devices from specialized quantum experiments to universal quantum computers. These quantum devices utilize entanglement and many-particle behaviors to explore and solve hard scientific, engineering, and computational problems. Rapid development over the last two decades has produced more than 300 quantum simulators in operation worldwide using a wide variety of experimental platforms. Recent advances in several physical architectures promise a golden age of quantum simulators ranging from highly optimized special purpose simulators to flexible programmable devices. These developments have enabled a convergence of ideas drawn from fundamental physics, computer science, and device engineering. They have strong potential to address problems of societal importance, ranging from understanding vital chemical processes, to enabling the design of new materials with enhanced performance, to solving complex computational problems. It is the position of the community, as represented by participants of the NSF workshop on "Programmable Quantum Simulators," that investment in a national quantum simulator program is a high priority in order to accelerate the progress in this field and to result in the first practical applications of quantum machines. Such a program should address two areas of emphasis: (1) support for creating quantum simulator prototypes usable by the broader scientific community, complementary to the present universal quantum computer effort in industry; and (2) support for fundamental research carried out by a blend of multi-investigator, multi-disciplinary collaborations with resources for quantum simulator software, hardware, and education.

Subfields: Artificial Intelligence, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ff7de8ecc08e5e6561a062f975241a36530f7669

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Citations in the corpus

Practical quantum advantage in quantum simulation (2022, background): “This can also be combined for spin systems with operations from digital quantum computing, leading to a range of possible programmable quantum simulators 2,21,26,39 , which combine analogue elements with programmability.”
The randomized measurement toolbox (2022, background): “Although such machines may lie far in the future, even today programmable quantum platforms 1,2 can create and control complex states comprising many atoms 3–8 , spins 9,10 , photons 11,12 or superconducting circuit elements 13 , opening unprecedented opportunities for scientific discovery 14 .”
Quantum error mitigation (2022, background): “…mentioned here are far from exhaustive as it is impossible to capture the all the breakthroughs on different fronts across the diverse range of platforms, we refer the reader to Ac´ın et al. (2018) and Altman et al. (2021) and the references therein for the key milestones in different platforms.”
Quantum simulation and computing with Rydberg-interacting qubits (2020, background): “There are a variety of diﬀerent physical systems that can be used for quantum simulation and quantum computing, each having their own unique advantages and challenges 12,13 .”
Random Quantum Circuits (2022, background): “The search for universal phenomena in the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems has been intensified by efforts at the interface of quantum information science and condensed matter physics to build quantum simulators (27), systems of hundreds of qubits which can realize interestin”