Metapleural Gland Secretion of the Leaf-cutter Ant Acromyrmex octospinosus: New Compounds and Their Functional Significance

By D. Ortius-Lechner, R. Maile, E. Morgan, J. J. Boomsma. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 2000

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Variable sensitivity of fungi and bacteria to compounds produced by the metapleural glands of leaf-cutting ants (2002, unknown): “, 1998), has revealed about 20 additional major compounds (Ortius-Lechner et al., 2000).”
Experimental evidence for the costs and hygienic significance of the antibiotic metapleural gland secretion in leaf-cutting ants (2002, background): “The presence of a high number of compounds with antibiotic properties in the metapleural gland secretion suggests that these glands serve as a broad defence mechanism against a variety of microbes (Beattie et al. 1985, 1986; Ortius-Lechner et al. 2000; Bot et al. in print).”
Leaf-cutting ants revisited: Towards rational management and control (2012, background): “In vitro Ortiz and Orduz (2000) (i.e. US$160,000, roughly $1,034,473, at today’s dollar value) in cocoa plantations.”
Defensive microbial symbionts in Hymenoptera (2014, background): “…detrimental microorganisms (Batra 1968; Batra 1980), and metapleural gland secretions of leafcutting ant workers have antimicrobial activity and thereby probably contribute to the protection of the fungus garden from pathogenic and competing microbes (Ortius-Lechner et al. 2000; Bot et al. 2002).”