Highly efficient and large-scale synthesis of graphene by electrolytic exfoliation

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The synthesis of graphene sheets with controlled thickness and order using surfactant-assisted electrochemical processes (2012, methodology): “Controlling of the intercalation or exfoliation potential is very important to control the number of layers and surface property of graphene [31,32], something that is not achieved in most of the electrochemical techniques for synthesis of graphene sheets carried out using two-electrode system [27–2”
Graphene: A Rising Star on the Horizon of Materials Science (2012, methodology): “Highly efficient and largescale protocol was employed [31] to synthesize graphene from graphite by electrolytic exfoliation using poly(sodium4-styrenesulfonate) as an effective electrolyte.”
Electrochemical approaches to the production of graphene flakes and their potential applications (2013, methodology): “GN sheets usually appear transparent and are stable under the electron microscope, indicating that the morphological features of the electrochemically synthesized GN [27] are similar to those GNs prepared by other approaches [21].”
Carbon as Catalyst and Support for Electrochemical Energy Conversion (2014, background): “Multi-layer graphene can be synthesized by i) epitaxial growth [344], ii) chemical vapor deposition [299, 345]; iii) solvothermal synthesis [346] and iv) electrochemical exfoliation [347-349].”