A Comparison of TWP-ICE Observational Data with Cloud-Resolving Model Results
By A. Fridlind, A. Ackerman, Jean-Pierre Chaboureau, Jiwen Fan, Wojciech W. Grabowski, Adrian Hill, T. R. Jones, Mandana M. Khaiyer, Guosheng Liu, Patrick Minnis and 11 more. 2012
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Observations made during the TWP-ICE campaign are used to drive and evaluate thirteen cloud-resolving model simulations with periodic lateral boundary conditions. The simulations employ 2D and 3D dynamics, one- and two-moment microphysics, several variations on large-scale forcing, and the use of observationally derived aerosol properties to prognose droplet numbers. When domain means are averaged over a 6-day active monsoon period, all simulations reproduce observed surface precipitation rate but not its structural distribution. Simulated fractional areas covered by convective and stratiform rain are uncorrelated with one another, and are both variably overpredicted by up to a factor of {approx}2. Stratiform area fractions are strongly anticorrelated with outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) but are negligibly correlated with ice water path (IWP), indicating that ice spatial distribution controls OLR more than mean IWP. Overpredictions of OLR tend to be accompanied by underpredictions of reflected shortwave radiation (RSR). When there are two simulations differing only in microphysics scheme or large-scale forcing, the one with smaller stratiform area tends to exhibit greater OLR and lesser RSR by similar amounts. After {approx}10 days, simulations reach a suppressed monsoon period with a wide range of mean precipitable water vapor, attributable in part to varying overprediction of cloud-modulated radiativemore » flux divergence compared with observationally derived values. Differences across the simulation ensemble arise from multiple sources, including dynamics, microphysics, and radiation treatments. Close agreement of spatial and temporal averages with observations may not be expected, but the wide spreads of predicted stratiform fraction and anticorrelated OLR indicate a need for more rigorous observation-based evaluation of the underlying micro- and macrophysical properties of convective and stratiform structures.« less
Subfields: Atmospheric Science, Global and Planetary Change
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fe967286555901b3b1ab77014e3c0e11d9eceb2d
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Citations in the corpus
- Mixed-Phase Clouds: Progress and Challenges (2017, background): “Uncertainties surrounding the evolution of ice habit impact the capacitance, ventilation, and drag forces acting on the particle, and therefore, the vapor depositional growth and riming rates (e.g., Sulia and Harrington 2011; Fridlind et al. 2012a,b).”
- Evaluation of cloud‐resolving and limited area model intercomparison simulations using TWP‐ICE observations: 1. Deep convective updraft properties (2014, methodology): “Weaker midlevel and stronger upper level winds in WRF-M2 are a result of ECMWF analysis errors, while cooler temperatures in DHARMA-2M are a result of accumulated radiative flux divergence since the start of the simulation at 0Z on 18 January 2006 [Fridlind et al., 2012].”