Leaf area index of an old-growth Douglas-fir forest estimated from direct structural measurements in the canopy

By Sean Thomas, W. Winner. 2000

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Variation of specific leaf area and upscaling to leaf area index in mature Scots pine (2006, background): “Recent studies have shown that limited sampling and extrapolations from allometric relationships observed in younger stands may lead to an overestimation of foliage area in old-growth coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwestern USA ( Thomas and Winner 2000; Turner et al. 2000).”
Modeling approaches to estimate effective leaf area index from aerial discrete-return LIDAR (2009, background): “In addition, there is a body of literature describing the extinction coefficient of various forest types (Monsi and Saeki, 2005; Pierce and Running, 1988; Thomas and Winner, 2000).”
Principles of Environmental Physics: Plants, Animals, and the Atmosphere (2013, result): “This rough calculation is consistent with field experience that canopies with predominantly horizontal leaves usually have a maximum leaf area index of between 3 and 5 whereas values up to about 10 have been reported for cereals with a vertical leaf habit (Monteith and Elston, 1983) and old-growth n”
Ground-based measurements of leaf area index: a review of methods, instruments and current controversies. (2003, methodology): “Campbell (1986) and Thomas and Winner (2000) ascribed 10% of the variation in LAI to the effects of alternative assumptions of distribution of foliage inclination.”