Heavy metals toxicity in plants: An overview on the role of glutathione and phytochelatins in heavy metal stress tolerance of plants

By Sudesh Kumar Yadav. 2010

1,496 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Abstract Plants experience oxidative stress upon exposure to heavy metals that leads to cellular damage. In addition, plants accumulate metal ions that disturb cellular ionic homeostasis. To minimize the detrimental effects of heavy metal exposure and their accumulation, plants have evolved detoxification mechanisms. Such mechanisms are mainly based on chelation and subcellular compartmentalization. Chelation of heavy metals is a ubiquitous detoxification strategy described in wide variety of plants. A principal class of heavy metal chelator known in plants is phytochelatins (PCs), a family of Cys-rich peptides. PCs are synthesized non-translationally from reduced glutathione (GSH) in a transpeptidation reaction catalyzed by the enzyme phytochelatin synthase (PCS). Therefore, availability of glutathione is very essential for PCs synthesis in plants at least during their exposure to heavy metals. Here, I reviewed on effect of heavy metals exposure to plants and role of GSH and PCs in heavy metal stress tolerance. Further, genetic manipulations of GSH and PCs levels that help plants to ameliorate toxic effects of heavy metals have been presented.

Subfields: Plant Science

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fde73fec38d6fd8aa4665d8aa552fea2435f8c7f

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Plant Science

Citations in the corpus

Cadmium toxicity induces lipid peroxidation and alters cytokinin content and antioxidant enzyme activities in soybean (2014, methodology): “2001) and has been ascribed to phytochelatin synthesis from GSH by phytochelatin synthase (PCS) activity (Grill et al. 1985; Yadav 2010).”
Hemin-mediated alleviation of zinc, lead and chromium toxicity is associated with elevated photosynthesis, antioxidative capacity; suppressed metal uptake and oxidative stress in rice seedlings (2017, background): “As is well-known, the excess production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the most common and initial biochemical process in plants exposed to heavy-metal stress (Xu et al. 2011).”
The cell wall in plant cell response to trace metals: polysaccharide remodeling and its role in defense strategy (2010, background): “…binding Cd 2 ? by phytochelatins (small peptides whose synthesis is induced by TM ions; in particular, Cd in the cytosol), trans-porting and sequestering in the V, and for Cu and Zn chelating by metallothioneins have been well illustrated (for review e.g., Hall 2002; Ernst et al. 2008; Yadav 2009).”
Impact of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Plant: A Critical Review (2017, background): “…therefore, it is needed to consider the impact of bulk material while the study of nanoparticles interaction in environment, for example, heavy metals are toxic to plants whereas silicon as a metalloid was observed to be beneficial for plants (Yadav, 2010; Tubana et al., 2016; Helaly et al., 2017).”
Lead uptake, toxicity, and detoxification in plants. (2011, background): “When ROS forms exhaust cellular antioxidant reserves, they can rapidly attack and oxidize all types of biomolecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids (Reddy et al. 2005; Clemens 2006; Hu et al. 2007; Wang et al. 2007; Yadav 2010).”
Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants: Role of Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Ionomics (2016, background): “…blocks functional groups of metabolically important molecules, hormonal balance, nutrient assimilation, protein synthesis, and DNA replication (Nagajyoti et al., 2010; Yadav, 2010; Keunen et al., 2011; He et al., 2012; Hossain et al., 2012a,b; Silva, 2012; Wani et al., 2012; Singh et al., 2013).”
Prospects of Halophytes in Understanding and Managing Abiotic Stress Tolerance (2012, background): “Such toxic elements are considered as soil and water pollutants due to their widespread occurrence, and their acute and chronic toxic effect on plants grown in such soils as well as on humans living in their surrounding (Yadav 2010 ) .”
Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of different plant species to Cd stress (2013, background): “Worldwide agricultural soils are slightly to considerable contaminated from heavy metals that limit the crop plants to achieve their full genetic potential and also reduce their productivity [7].”
Heavy metal stress and responses in plants (2019, background): “Moreover, high concentration if MG leads to DNA strand breaks increased sister chromatic exchange, endoreduplication and increased point mutations (Chaplen 1998).”