Interpreting ambiguous stimuli: Separating perceptual and judgmental biases.
By A. Voss, K. Rothermund, J. Brandtstädter. 2008
133 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract Interpreting ambiguous situations is not a purely data-driven process but can be biased towards positive interpretations by top-down influences. The present study tries to identify the underlying processes of these top-down influences. There are two separable types of processes that can be influenced by motivational biases: A perceptual bias affects information uptake whereas a judgmental bias affects acceptance criteria for positive and negative outcomes. In the present study, motivated influences on perception and judgment were investigated with a simple color discrimination task in which ambiguous stimuli had to be classified according to their dominating color. One of two colors indicated a financial gain or a loss, whereas a third color was neutral. To separate perceptual and judgmental biases, Ratcliff’s [Ratcliff, R. (1978). A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review, 85 , 59–108] diffusion model was employed. Results revealed motivational influences on perception and judgment.
Subfields: Cognitive Neuroscience, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fd0e5bc76ad6a21270caa1fd29017e4f17e8bec3
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In Cognitive Neuroscience
- D. Dunning
- E. Balcetis
- Elizabeth S. Paul
- M. Mendl
- Richard M. A. Parker
- Oliver Burman
- David M. Amodio
- Kyle G. Ratner
In Experimental and Cognitive Psychology
Citations in the corpus
- Wishful Seeing (2013, background): “Voss, Rothermund, and Brandtstädter (2008) showed participants speckled images comprised of two different colors and asked them to identify the dominant color.”
- Cognitive bias as an indicator of animal emotion and welfare: Emerging evidence and underlying mechanisms (2009, background): “For example, Bayesian modelling of binary decision-making (especially decision latency) as a cumulative process involving acquisition of ‘evidence’ for each decision option may allow one to discriminate perceptual from evaluative biases (Voss et al., 2008), and cortical from faster sub-cortically me”