Merging of healthy motor modules predicts reduced locomotor performance and muscle coordination complexity post-stroke.

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Muscle synergy patterns as physiological markers of motor cortical damage (2012, result): “This merging of muscle synergies we observed is compatible with the poststroke “cocontractions” of muscles described in the literature (17–20) and a previous report of motor-module fusion in the affected lower limb of stroke survivors (21).”
Patterned control of human locomotion (2012, background): “Adults who have suffered a spinal cord injury (Ivanenko et al. 2003) or a stroke disrupting the descending drive from supraspinal pathways (Clark et al. 2010; Gizzi et al. 2011) display the full set or a subset of unaltered basic activation patterns, although the weights of distribution of the…”
Common muscle synergies for balance and walking (2013, methodology): “The reduction in muscle synergies is correlated not only to walking speed (Clark et al., 2010), but also to measures of balance control during standing (Bowden et al.”
The neural origin of muscle synergies (2013, result): “Similar results for the lower limb have also been presented (Clark et al., 2010).”