Empathy constrained: Prejudice predicts reduced mental simulation of actions during observation of outgroups.

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Social Constraints on the Direct Perception of Emotions and Intentions (2014, background): “However, research also shows that independent of ‘dialects’, beliefs, and most strikingly negative beliefs about out-group members can interfere with one’s ability to recognize emotions (Gutsell and Inzlicht 2010).”
Revisiting Relational Coordination: A Systematic Review (2021, unknown): “Yet as interdependence has expanded across networks of strangers, our ability to build empathetic connections with diverse others has not caught up, resulting in an empathy gap (Gutsell & Inzlicht, 2010; Wexler, 2008).”
An Evolutionary Approach to Emotional Communication (2013, background): “It would be extremely surprising if themechanisms designed to detect and react to the emotional expression were still only targeting that cue.”
Empathy: a motivated account. (2014, background): “Neural resonance with pleasure and pain is likewise dampened in response to outgroup targets (Avenanti et al., 2010; Gutsell & Inzlicht, 2010; Mobbs et al., 2009; Xu et al., 2009).”