Magnesium and its alloys as orthopedic biomaterials: a review.

By M. Staiger, A. Pietak, Jerawala Huadmai, G. Dias. Biomaterials, 2006

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Effect of Zn on mechanical property and corrosion property of extruded Mg-Zn-Mn alloy (2008, background): “However, as a biomedical material, the fast corrosion rate of magnesium alloy results in high concentration of Mg ion and hydrogen gas release, and subcutaneous emphysema[3].”
The development of binary Mg-Ca alloys for use as biodegradable materials within bone. (2008, background): “Magnesium alloys would dissolve readily in aqueous solution especially that contains chloride ion [1,2].”
Corrosion mechanism and evaluation of anodized magnesium alloys (2014, background): “Mg alloys are also great functional materials and could be used as battery electrodes, sacrificial anodes, hydrogen storage materials and even biodegradable implants [1–7].”
Sol-gel based materials for biomedical applications (2016, background): “Since many trace elements (such as Sr [327,328], Mg [329,330], Zn [331,332], Fe [333,334], B [335,336], and Co [337,338]) present in the human body are known for their anabolic effects on physiological processes such as bone metabolism [339,340], new approaches for enhancing bioactivity of the sol–g”