The Zinc Finger-containing Transcription Factors GATA-4, -5, and -6

By J. Molkentin. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2000

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Six GATA transcription factors have been identified in vertebrates, each of which contains a highly conserved DNA binding domain consisting of two zinc fingers of the motif Cys-X2-Cys-X17Cys-X2-Cys (1–9) that directs binding to the nucleotide sequence element (A/T)GATA(A/G) (10, 11). Based on their expression patterns, the GATA proteins have been divided into two subfamilies, GATA-1, -2, and -3 and GATA-4, -5, and -6. GATA-1, -2, and -3 genes are prominently expressed in hematopoietic stem cells where they regulate differentiation-specific gene expression in T-lymphocytes, erythroid cells, and megakaryocytes (reviewed in Ref. 12). GATA-4, -5, and -6 genes are expressed in various mesodermand endoderm-derived tissues such as heart, liver, lung, gonad, and gut where they play critical roles in regulating tissue-specific gene expression (4–9). Consistent with the observed expression patterns for GATA-4, -5, and -6, targeted disruption of each gene in the mouse has revealed important functions in heart, endoderm, lung epithelium, and genitourinary tract formation. Here we will discuss the biochemical characteristics and transcriptional regulatory roles of GATA-4, -5, and -6 transcription factors.

Subfields: Molecular Biology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fb23b2e8bf13ddfde3eb77f5da2a613a1a9c5a93

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