Some ecological and evolutionary aspects of bear-salmon interactions in coastal British Columbia

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Transportation of Pacific salmon carcasses from streams to riparian forests by bears (2009, background): “…studies have shown that brown bears (Ursus arctos L., 1758) and black bears (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780) can kill at least half the salmon in small streams (Ruggerone et al. 2000; Quinn et al. 2003) and are capable of transporting carcasses from the riparian zone into the forest (Reimchen 2000).”
Size- and Sex-Selective Mortality of Adult Sockeye Salmon: Bears, Gulls, and Fish Out of Water (2001, background): “Bears tend to attack males and larger salmon (Quinn and Kinnison 1999; Reimchen 2000; Ruggerone et al. 2000), whereas gulls attack primarily females (Mossman 1958).”
Brown bears selectively kill salmon with higher energy content but only in habitats that facilitate choice (2004, background): “If a fish was seen in the stream for at least two days but never thereafter, we assumed it was killed by bears and carried into the forest, which is common (Reimchen 2000, Gende et al. 2001, Quinn et al. 2001b).”