Using Probability Density Functions to Derive Consistent Closure Relationships among Higher-Order Moments

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The DOE E3SM Coupled Model Version 1: Overview and Evaluation at Standard Resolution (2019, background): “Implementation of a simplified third-order turbulence closure parameterization (CLUBB, Cloud Layers Unified By Binormals; Golaz et al., 2002; Larson, 2017; Larson & Golaz, 2005) that unifies the treatment of planetary boundary layer turbulence, shallow convection, and cloud macrophysics.”
An Overview of the Atmospheric Component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (2019, methodology): “The procedure to generate the resolved and unresolved topography is described in Lauritzen et al. (2015). An ultrahigh resolution (30′) source file is first downscaled to the appropriate (ne30 or ne120) cubed‐sphere grid. Sixteen iterations of the discrete HOMME second‐order Laplacian operator are t”
CGILS: Results from the first phase of an international project to understand the physical mechanisms of low cloud feedbacks in single column models (2013, unknown): “MOLEMA (Met Office Large Eddy Model) Met Office, United Kingdom Lock [2009] and Blossey et al.”
The DOE E3SM Coupled Model Version 1: Description and Results at High Resolution (2019, unknown): “It features the Zhang-McFarlane (ZM; Neale et al., 2008; Richter & Rasch, 2008; Zhang & McFarlane, 1995) deep convection scheme and the Cloud-Layers Unified by Binormals (CLUBB; Golaz et al., 2002; Larson, 2017; Larson & Golaz, 2005) for macrophysics, turbulence, and shallow convection.”