Origin of H2 Evolution in LIBs: H2O Reduction vs. Electrolyte Oxidation
By Michael Metzger, Benjamin Strehle, S. Solchenbach, H. Gasteiger. 2016
333 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Gassing in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a serious challenge, especially at high voltage and elevated temperature. In this study, we use On-line Electrochemical Mass Spectrometry (OEMS) and a two-compartment cell with a newly developed aluminum edge-seal to elucidate the origin of H 2 evolution in LIBs. We demonstrate that the new sealing is entirely impermeable for gaseous and liquid species, thus allowing us to measure the true H 2 evolution from H 2 O reduction at a graphite electrode, without interference from the lithium counter-electrode. We further report that graphite//NMC full-cells without any diffusion barrier between anode and cathode show enhanced H 2 generation, especially for high charging potentials and at elevated temperature. We propose that the diffusion of protic electrolyte oxidation species (R-H + ) from the cathode to the anode and their subsequent reduction is the origin of enhanced H 2 gassing. To prove this hypothesis, methanesulfonic acid is added to the electrolyte as a chemical source of protons. At the negative graphite electrode, all H + can be quantitatively reduced to H 2 . By the use of the electrolyte additives vinylene carbonate (VC) and lithium bis(oxalato) borate (LiBOB), less H 2 evolution is observed, since the reduction of both H 2 O and R-H + is hindered by a more effective SEI on graphite. Finally, we demonstrate that the Al-sealed diffusion barrier between anode and cathode can stop the diffusion of oxidation products to the anode and therefore essentially eliminates the generation of H 2 caused by high cathode potentials.©TheAuthor(s) 2016. edge-seal, we we we propose a mechanism to enhanced cell anodic electrolyte oxidation.
Subfields: Automotive Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f89f16cf1bd148c92da8bb45656f26833a33af1e
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Citations in the corpus
- A review of gas evolution in lithium ion batteries (2020, background): “Lithium ethylene dicarbonate (LEDC) is one of the products detected from electrolyte reduction and a constituent of the stable SEI layer formed on the graphite electrode [39].”