Development of type 2 diabetes following intrauterine growth retardation in rats is associated with progressive epigenetic silencing of Pdx1.

By J. H. Park, D. Stoffers, R. Nicholls, R. Simmons. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2008

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The developmental origins of adult disease (2009, background): “What is interesting in this study is that, even though IUGR offspring have reduced Pdx1 transcription at birth and 2 weeks of age, the appearance of methylation in the promoter is not detectable until 6 months of age [ 45 ,47].”
Epigenetic mechanisms that underpin metabolic and cardiovascular diseases (2009, background): “Importantly, however, evidence for a direct causal relationship between epigenetic changes, gene expression and observable phenotype comes from studies of cultured cells, in which epigenetic status can be manipulated by knockout of components of the epigenetic machinery, or by pharmacological inhibi”
Epigenetics: A Molecular Link Between Environmental Factors and Type 2 Diabetes (2009, background): “Intrauterine growth retardation due to uteroplacental insufficiency has recently been associated with progressive epigenetic silencing of Pdx1, impaired -cell function, and type 2 diabetes in adult offspring (57).”