The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) theory—Part A: Concept, causes and the CO2 emissions case

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Using the geographical detector technique to explore the impact of socioeconomic factors on PM2.5 concentrations in China (2019, background): “With energy efficient technologies applied, environmental impact of economic activities become smaller (Kaika and Zervas, 2013).”
Environmental Policy Stringency, Technical Progress and Pollution Haven Hypothesis (2020, background): “A higher level of income and the resulting tertiarization lead to a greater environmental awareness, and pushes cleaner production techniques [49,50].”
The key sectors for energy conservation and carbon emissions reduction in China: Evidence from the input-output method (2018, methodology): “Some scholars studied the relationship between carbon emission and economic level (Kaika and Zervas, 2013a, 2013b; Al-mulali et al., 2015; Luo et al., 2017), using the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) (Kuznets, 1955), which holds that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic…”