6G Wireless Communication Systems: Applications, Requirements, Technologies, Challenges, and Research Directions

By Mostafa Zaman Chowdhury, M. Shahjalal, Shakil Ahmed, Yeong Min Jang. IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2019

1,496 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The demand for wireless connectivity has grown exponentially over the last few decades. Fifth-generation (5G) communications, with far more features than fourth-generation communications, will soon be deployed worldwide. A new paradigm of wireless communication, the sixth-generation (6G) system, with the full support of artificial intelligence, is expected to be implemented between 2027 and 2030. Beyond 5G, some fundamental issues that need to be addressed are higher system capacity, higher data rate, lower latency, higher security, and improved quality of service (QoS) compared to the 5G system. This paper presents the vision of future 6G wireless communication and its network architecture. This article describes emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, terahertz communications, wireless optical technology, free-space optical network, blockchain, three-dimensional networking, quantum communications, unmanned aerial vehicles, cell-free communications, integration of wireless information and energy transfer, integrated sensing and communication, integrated access-backhaul networks, dynamic network slicing, holographic beamforming, backscatter communication, intelligent reflecting surface, proactive caching, and big data analytics that can assist the 6G architecture development in guaranteeing the QoS. Besides, expected applications with 6G communication requirements and possible technologies are presented. We also describe potential challenges and research directions for achieving this goal.

Subfields: Aerospace Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f735c6086476893c6a0faefe148a43e97caba311

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Citations in the corpus

The Road Towards 6G: A Comprehensive Survey (2021, background): “survey paper [29] provides a comprehensive view of 6G in terms of applications, requirements, challenges, and research directions.”
Survey on 6G Frontiers: Trends, Applications, Requirements, Technologies and Future Research (2021, background): “Furthermore, the development of applications such as IoE, UAVs, HT, XR, and Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) that will utilize future 6G networks are discussed in [16]–[18], [20], [25], [31].”
Future of industry 5.0 in society: human-centric solutions, challenges and prospective research areas (2022, background): “It is knowledge in the fields like robotics as well as artificial intelligence [21, 22].”
Target Sensing With Intelligent Reflecting Surface: Architecture and Performance (2022, background): “wireless systems, such as ultra-high data rate, ubiquitous and seamless coverage, extremely-high reliability and ultra-low latency, as well as high-precision/resolution sensing [1], [2].”
Blockchain for 5G and Beyond Networks: A State of the Art Survey (2019, background): “reality devices, 3D mapping, smart living, space travel, Internet of Nano-Things, deep-sea sightseeing and space travel [324].”
6G Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey (2021, background): “For instance, the work in [40] suggested a self-learning edge intelligence solution, aiming to identify and classify emerging unknown services from raw crowdsourcing data distributed across a wide geographical area with a case study in 6G-based vehicular networks.”
MIMO Capacity Characterization for Movable Antenna Systems (2022, background): “…channel capacity and system spectral efficiency significantly, they generally demand considerably higher hardware costs and energy consumption, due to the growing number of radio frequency (RF) chains and/or antennas required for wireless systems operating at higher frequency bands [4], [5].”
Convergent Communication, Sensing and Localization in 6G Systems: An Overview of Technologies, Opportunities and Challenges (2021, background): “Although a few contributions, such as [19], [20] mention the potential of integrating localization and sensing into the system design or address speciﬁc technologies [22], [23] (e.g., IRS and AI/ML, respectively), to the best of our knowledge, our contribution is the ﬁrst one to focus on the 6G…”
A Survey on the Metaverse: The State-of-the-Art, Technologies, Applications, and Challenges (2023, background): “Chowdhury et al. [28] proposed that quantum communication provides high security by applying quantum keys based on the quantum noncloning theorem and the uncertainty principle.”