The evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer: recommendations by an International TILs Working Group 2014.
By Roberto Salgado, C. Denkert, S. Demaria, N. Sirtaine, Frederick Klauschen, G. Pruneri, S. Wienert, G. V. D. Eynden, Frederick L. Baehner, F. Penault-Llorca and 22 more. Annals of Oncology, 2015
2,798 citations recorded by the source corpus.
BACKGROUND The morphological evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in breast cancer (BC) is gaining momentum as evidence strengthens for the clinical relevance of this immunological biomarker. Accumulating evidence suggests that the extent of lymphocytic infiltration in tumor tissue can be assessed as a major parameter by evaluation of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained tumor sections. TILs have been shown to provide prognostic and potentially predictive value, particularly in triple-negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-overexpressing BC. DESIGN A standardized methodology for evaluating TILs is now needed as a prerequisite for integrating this parameter in standard histopathological practice, in a research setting as well as in clinical trials. This article reviews current data on the clinical validity and utility of TILs in BC in an effort to foster better knowledge and insight in this rapidly evolving field, and to develop a standardized methodology for visual assessment on H&E sections, acknowledging the future potential of molecular/multiplexed approaches. CONCLUSIONS The methodology provided is sufficiently detailed to offer a uniformly applied, pragmatic starting point and improve consistency and reproducibility in the measurement of TILs for future studies.
Subfields: Immunology, Oncology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f6341a130a85f0b905968be6878150709dfb5a5e
How researchers see this paper
The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.
- Frederick M. Howard
- S. Stanton
- Jakob Nikolas Kather
- M. Disis
- A. Pearson
- J. Dolezal
- S. Kochanny
- Jefree J. Schulte
Citations in the corpus
- The impact of site-specific digital histology signatures on deep learning model accuracy and bias (2021, background): “4b); and (2) BRCA mutational status, which correlates poorly with site and remained detectable with preserved-site cross-validation (Supplementary Fig.”
- Clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer (2016, methodology): “Currently, the International TILs Working Group has started standardizing evaluation of breast cancer TILs to be able to use this in clinical practice [58].”