A Simple Phenomenological Emergent Dark Energy Model can Resolve the Hubble Tension

By Xiaolei Li, A. Shafieloo. Astrophysical Journal, 2019

202 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Motivated by the current status of cosmological observations and significant tensions in the estimated values of some key parameters assuming the standard ΛCDM model, we propose a simple but radical phenomenological emergent dark energy model where dark energy has no effective presence in the past and emerges at later times. Theoretically, in this phenomenological dark energy model with zero degrees of freedom (similar to a ΛCDM model), one can derive that the equation of state of dark energy increases from in the past to −1 in the future. We show that by setting a hard-cut 2σ lower bound prior for H0 associated with a 97.72% probability from recent local observations, this model can satisfy different combinations of cosmological observations at low and high redshifts (SNe Ia, baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO), Lyα BAO, and cosmic microwave background (CMB)) substantially better than the concordance ΛCDM model with and Δ DIC ∼ −35.38. If there are no substantial systematics in SN Ia, BAO, or Planck CMB data, and assuming the reliability of current local H0 measurements, there is a very high probability that with more precise measurements of the Hubble constant our proposed phenomenological model rules out the cosmological constant with decisive statistical significance and is a strong alternative to explain the combination of different cosmological observations. This simple phenomenologically emergent dark energy model can guide theoretically motivated dark energy model building activities.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/38775c738a1d36f7a26124ec4fe4e9c16e58aa7b

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Citations in the corpus

Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: Cosmological implications from two decades of spectroscopic surveys at the Apache Point Observatory (2020, background): “…of the primordial power spectrum (e.g., Davis et al. 2019; Dhawan et al. 2020; Anderson 2019; Hazra et al. 2019), to models for dark energy (e.g., Li & Shafieloo 2019; Alestas et al. 2020; Di Valentino et al. 2020), to unmodeled pre-recombination physics that lead to a decreased sound horizon…”
Cosmology Intertwined II: The Hubble Constant Tension (2020, unknown): “[174] X.”
DESI 2024: reconstructing dark energy using crossing statistics with DESI DR1 BAO data (2024, background): “At higher redshift, z ≳ 1, on the other hand, the trend of the reconstructed form of the dark energy density allows models with emergent dark energy behaviour [52, 53, 108, 109].”
New physics in light of the H0 tension: An alternative view (2019, background): “[60–209] for what is inevitably an incomplete list of works examining these possibilities.”
Interacting dark energy in the early 2020s: A promising solution to the H0 and cosmic shear tensions (2019, unknown): “[10–109].”
On the Hubble Constant Tension in the SNe Ia Pantheon Sample (2021, background): “…theories include early (Karwal & Kamionkowski 2016; Agrawal et al. 2019; Hazra et al. 2019; Lambiase et al. 2019; Poulin et al. 2019; Keeley et al. 2020) and late dark energy models (Di Valentino et al. 2017; Li & Shafieloo 2019, 2020; Yang et al. 2019a, 2019b; Alestas et al. 2020; Vagnozzi 2020).”
The Ups and Downs of Early Dark Energy solutions to the Hubble tension: A review of models, hints and constraints circa 2023 (2023, background): “This effect dominates constraints on c(2)s [156].”