Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Signaling in Macrophages
By N. Parameswaran, S. Patial. Critical Reviews in Eukaryotic Gene Expression, 2010
1,285 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) was cloned over 2 decades ago and its identification in part led to the discovery of a super family of tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) and their receptors. TNFα signals through two transmembrane receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2, and regulates a number of critical cell functions including cell proliferation, survival, differentiation, and apoptosis. Macrophages are the major producers of TNFα and interestingly are also highly responsive to TNFα. Aberrant TNFα production and TNF receptor signaling have been associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn’s disease, atherosclerosis, psoriasis, sepsis, diabetes, and obesity. TNFα has been shown to play a pivotal role in orchestrating the cytokine cascade in many inflammatory diseases and because of this role as a “master-regulator” of inflammatory cytokine production, it has been proposed as a therapeutic target for a number of diseases. Indeed anti-TNFα drugs are now licensed for treating certain inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. In this review we discuss the discovery of TNFα and its actions especially in regulating macrophage biology. Given its importance in several human diseases, we also briefly discuss the role of anti-TNFα therapeutics in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Subfields: Hematology, Oncology, Rheumatology
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f4d61eb30aa8e3fe77f18ade943bc2a8dcc2591a
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Citations in the corpus
- Allicin: Chemistry and Biological Properties (2014, background): “Since TNFα is mainly secreted by macrophages [99], the effect of allicin on macrophages was examined with respect to how allicin influences the expression of TNFα itself.”
- Cytokines in Sepsis: Potent Immunoregulators and Potential Therapeutic Targets—An Updated View (2013, background): “Because of its unique ability to orchestrate downstream cytokine cascade, TNF-α is considered to be a “master regulator” of inflammatory cytokine production [37], while the important regulatory role of IL-1 in inflammation is widely accepted as well.”