Galaxies and Intergalactic Matter at Redshift z ~ 3: Overview

By K. Adelberger, C. Steidel, A. Shapley, M. Pettini. 2002

417 citations recorded by the source corpus.

We present the first results from a survey of the relative spatial distributions of galaxies, intergalactic neutral hydrogen, and intergalactic metals at high redshift. We obtained high-resolution spectra of eight bright quasars (QSOs) at 3.1 < z < 4.1 and spectroscopic redshifts for 431 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at slightly lower redshifts. Comparing the locations of galaxies to the absorption lines in the QSO spectra shows that the intergalactic medium contains less neutral hydrogen than the global average within r ≲ 0.5 h-1 comoving Mpc of LBGs and more than average at slightly larger distances 1 h-1 comoving Mpc ≲ r ≲ 5 h-1 comoving Mpc. The intergalactic medium within the largest overdensities at z ~ 3, which will presumably evolve into the intracluster medium by z ~ 0, is rich in neutral hydrogen and C IV. The lack of H I absorption at small distances from LBGs appears unlikely to be produced solely by the Lyman continuum radiation they emit; it may show that the galaxies' supernova-driven winds maintain their measured outflow velocities of ~600 km s-1 for a few hundred million years and drive away nearby intergalactic gas. We present correlation functions of galaxies with Lyα forest flux decrements, with C IV systems, and with other galaxies. We describe the association of galaxies with damped Lyα systems and with intergalactic He II opacity. A strong observed correlation of galaxies with intergalactic metals supports the idea that LBG winds have enriched their surroundings.

Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f41adba1305750ce9ed8324568bcf0595ad35d12

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Citations in the corpus

Probing reionization with Lyman α emission lines (2003, background): “A value of tSF = 109 yr gives a more reasonable wind velocity of 780 km s−1, but a less reasonable size for the superwind bubble of 0.79 pMpc; Adelberger et al. (2003) infer that galactic superwinds from z ∼ 3 Lyman Break galaxies reach distances of 0.2 pMpc. Winds do not affect the damping-wing…”
Neutral hydrogen in galaxy haloes at the peak of the cosmic star formation history (2014, methodology): “Building on previous work by Adelberger et al. (2003) and Steidel et al. (2010) on quasar-galaxy pairs, Rudie et al. (2012) reported systematic measurements of neutral hydrogen in the CGM of z ∼ 2 − 3 LBGs in the Keck Baryonic Structure Survey (KBSS), including covering fractions for different…”
The Metallicity of Galaxy Disks: Infall versus Outflow (2006, background): “Indeed, observations suggest that large scale outflows were common in massive galaxies at early times (e.g. Adelberger et al. 2003; Steidel et al. 2004, and the recent review by Veilleux, Cecil, & Bland-Hawthorn 2005), and yet the effective yields of the likely descendants are high.”
On the onset of galactic winds in quiescent star forming galaxies (2007, background): “Observational evidence for galactic outflows have already been pointed out by several authors (Bland & Tully 1988; Heckman et al. 1990; Ellison et al. 2000; Heckman et al. 2000; Pettini et al. 2001, 2002; Adelberger et al. 2003; Bouché et al. 2006).”
Quasars Probing Quasars. I. Optically Thick Absorbers near Luminous Quasars (2006, background): “Indeed, Adelberger et al. (2006) reported a possible detection offluorescence from a quasar-DLA pair at z ¼ 2:84 with gUV ’ 5700, which was serendipitously discovered in their LBG survey (Steidel et al. 1999; Adelberger et al. 2003).”
Measurements of the UV background at 4.6 < z < 6.4 using the quasar proximity effect (2010, neutral): “2001; Adelberger et al. 2003; Kim & Croft 2007).”
The Mass-Metallicity Relation at z≳2 (2006, background): “Metals are detected in the intergalactic medium (IGM; Ellison et al. 2000; Simcoe et al. 2004) at high redshifts, and, at z = 2–3, their locations are strongly correlated with the distribution of observed star-forming galaxies (Adelberger et al. 2003; Adelberger et al. 2005).”
The Connection between Galaxies and Intergalactic Absorption Lines at Redshift 2 ≲ z ≲ 3 (2005, background): “• In contradiction to the earlier result of Adelberger et al. (2003), we find that the gas within 1h−1 comoving Mpc of LBGs usually produces strong Ly-α absorption in the spectra of background galaxies (Figure 14).”
Star Formation and Extinction in Redshift z~2 Galaxies: Inferences from Spitzer MIPS Observations (2006, methodology): “The systemic redshift was inferred from a weighted combination of the measured absorption- and/or emission-line redshifts, following the procedure of Adelberger et al. (2003).”
The Distribution of Metallicity in the Intergalactic Medium at z ~ 2.5: O VI and C IV Absorption in the Spectra of Seven QSOs (2003, background): “…permit the possibility of several enrichment mechanisms, from an early (z > 10) generation of massive shortlived stars (e.g., Ostriker & Gnedin 1996) to more recent (z < 7) pollution by winds from star forming galaxies (Adelberger et al. 2003; Aguirre et al. 2001; Springel & Hernquist 2003).”
Feedback from winds and supernovae in massive stellar clusters – I. Hydrodynamics (2012, background): “Feedback from massive stars can also drive galactic winds from starburst galaxies (e.g. Axon & Taylor 1978; Bland & Tulley 1988; Heckman et al. 2000; Adelberger et al. 2003), and appears to be responsible for the low star formation efficiency of galaxies with dark matter haloes somewhat less than…”
Abundances of Baade’s Window Giants from Keck HIRES Spectra. II. The Alpha and Light Odd Elements (2006, background): “…populations discovered that are equally plausible bulge progenitors; all share the property of having high rates of star formation and large stellar mass. Steidel et al. (1996) and Adelberger et al. (2003) have also detected and studied metal enriched wind outflows from Lyman Break galaxies.”
Binary Quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Evidence for Excess Clustering on Small Scales (2005, background): “Adelberger et al. (2003) and Coil et al. (2004) have measured the correlation function of galaxies at z 3 and z 1, respectively, down to scales as small as 100–200 h 1 kpc, and no small-scale excess clustering was found.”
The Rest-Frame Optical Spectra of SCUBA Galaxies (2004, background): “Moreover, feedback processes from short-lived massive stars in high-SFR galaxies may be responsible for the enrichment of the intergalactic medium with heavy metals over a wide range of redshifts (Heckman et al. 2000; Adelberger et al. 2003).”
THE OPTICALLY UNBIASED GAMMA-RAY BURST HOST (TOUGH) SURVEY. I. SURVEY DESIGN AND CATALOGS (2012, background): “…is available in the online journal.) afterglow redshifts, we find that the velocity centroid of the Lyα line is redshifted by 200–600 km s−1 with respect to the systemic velocity, indicative of outflows in the host galaxies (e.g., Adelberger et al. 2003; Verhamme et al. 2006; Laursen et al. 2009).”
Modeling Luminosity-dependent Galaxy Clustering through Cosmic Time (2005, background): “…in which bright galaxies are strongly biased with respect to the matter distribution at high redshifts (Steidel et al. 1998; Giavalisco et al. 1998; Adelberger et al. 2003, 2005; Ouchi et al. 2004b, 2005; Lee et al. 2005; Hamana et al. 2005), and in which the bias decreases with time in such a way…”
Can the faint submillimetre galaxies be explained in the Λ cold dark matter model (2005, background): “There is observational support for the existence of superwinds from the detection of high-velocity outflows in massive galaxies at both low and high redshift (e.g. Martin 1999; Heckman et al. 2000; Pettini et al. 2002; Adelberger et al. 2003; Smail et al. 2003).”