Triangular flow in hydrodynamics and transport theory

By Burak Han Alver, Cl'ement Gombeaud, M. Luzum, J. Ollitrault. 2010

308 citations recorded by the source corpus.

In ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions, the Fourier decomposition of the relative azimuthal angle, {Delta}{phi}, distribution of particle pairs yields a large cos(3{Delta}{phi}) component, extending to large rapidity separations {Delta}{eta}>1. This component captures a significant portion of the ridge and shoulder structures in the {Delta}{phi} distribution, which have been observed after contributions from elliptic flow are subtracted. An average finite triangularity owing to event-by-event fluctuations in the initial matter distribution, followed by collective flow, naturally produces a cos(3{Delta}{phi}) correlation. Using ideal and viscous hydrodynamics and transport theory, we study the physics of triangular (v{sub 3}) flow in comparison to elliptic (v{sub 2}), quadrangular (v{sub 4}), and pentagonal (v{sub 5}) flow. We make quantitative predictions for v{sub 3} at RHIC and LHC as a function of centrality and transverse momentum. Our results for the centrality dependence of v{sub 3} show a quantitative agreement with data extracted from previous correlation measurements by the STAR collaboration. This study supports previous results on the importance of triangular flow in the understanding of ridge and shoulder structures. Triangular flow is found to be a sensitive probe of initial geometry fluctuations and viscosity.

Subfields: Nuclear and High Energy Physics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f37e28f869a541afdbda7d65bc95ba6b5ea3da21

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In Nuclear and High Energy Physics

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Citations in the corpus

• Non linearities in the harmonic spectrum of heavy ion collisions with ideal and viscous hydrodynamics (2012, background): “[12] Burak Han Alver, Clement Gombeaud, Matthew Luzum, and Jean-Yves Ollitrault, “Triangular flow in hydrodynamics and transport theory,” Phys.”
• Schwinger mechanism revisited (2015, background): “In contrast, the azimuthal correlations can be produced at any time, and are easily explainable by the hydrodynamical flow that develops in the later stages of the collision process [44, 45].”
• Conformal hydrodynamics in Minkowski and de Sitter spacetimes (2010, methodology): “Finally, following recent interest in higher order moments of the flow of real quark-gluon plasmas [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] we gave a graphical representation of our analytic expressions for the evolution of the second and third moments of the linearized scalar perturbations of the flow.”
• Relativistic Fluid Dynamics in and out of Equilibrium (2017, background): “The coefficients v1, v2, v3 are known as directed flow, elliptic flow and triangular flow [10, 34, 351–353].”
• Mapping the phases of quantum chromodynamics with beam energy scan (2019, background): “The measurement of this asymmetry, therefore, provides information about the pressure evolution of the system which in turn constrains the equation of state as well as the various transport coefficients such as the shear viscosity [264, 265].”