Sprites and possible mesospheric effects

By H. Stenbaek-Nielsen, D. Moudry, E. Wescott, D. Sentman, F. S. Sabbas. 2000

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Red sprite discharges in the atmosphere at high altitude: the molecular physics and the similarity with laboratory discharges (2007, background): “This vertical structure in sprites is apparent in recent high-speed video images of Stenbaek-Nielsen et al [ 22 ], was reported during telescopic observations of sprites by Gerken and Inan [17] and during recent satellite observations [61] and can be clearly seen in figures 2 and 6(b).”
Submillisecond imaging of sprite development and structure (2006, methodology): “We then show how these images clearly reveal the specific sprite features that result in persistent optical emissions from sprite beads and the sprite core that have been linked to possible effects on mesospheric chemistry [ Stenbaek-Nielsen et al., 2000 ].”
Rare measurements of a sprite with halo event driven by a negative lightning discharge over Argentina (2008, background): “In comparison, halos sometimes precede sprite formation, occurring within a few milliseconds of the parent CG, and appear as a faint, diffuse, disk-shaped emission from which structured sprites may develop [e.g., Stenbaek-Nielsen et al., 2000; BarringtonLeigh et al., 2001].”