Human mesenchymal stem cells engraft and demonstrate site-specific differentiation after in utero transplantation in sheep

By K. Liechty, T. Mackenzie, A. Shaaban, Antoneta Radu, A. Moseley, R. Deans, D. Marshak, A. Flake. Nature Medicine, 2000

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HLA expression and immunologic properties of differentiated and undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells. (2003, background): “It is of particular interest that engraftment occurred even when the transplant was performed after the fetuses became immunocompetent [6].”
Mesenchymal stem cells suppress lymphocyte proliferation in vitro and prolong skin graft survival in vivo. (2002, result): “There are some clues to indicate what the possibilities might be, as in our own studies and those of others, intravenously administered MSCs have been observed to migrate and take up residence in the bony compartment of the bone marrow several months after administration [25–29].”
Mesenchymal stem cells are short-lived and do not migrate beyond the lungs after intravenous infusion (2012, background): “The idea that MSC may not survive long after administration is supported by evidence demonstrating that the majority of MSC become apoptotic after administration (Liu et al., 2012).”
The In Vitro Migration Capacity of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Comparison of Chemokine and Growth Factor Chemotactic Activities (2007, background): “As shown by studies in vitro [1, 2] and in vivo [3, 4], these cells include two distinct multipotential cell populations: that of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that differentiate into all hematopoietic lineages and that of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that give rise to the different hematopoietic”