Uptake and effects of microplastics on cells and tissue of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis L. after an experimental exposure.

By N. V. von Moos, P. Burkhardt-Holm, A. Köhler. Environmental Science and Technology, 2012

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Microplastics in commercial bivalves from China. (2015, background): “Though the spherical plastic particles can accumulate in the hemolymph of mussels after controlled lab exposure (Browne et al., 2008; Von Moos Et Al., 2012), the uptake of plasticfilmsand spherical or granularmicroplastics fromtheir natural environment has not been observed in mussels in previous…”
Microplastics in freshwater ecosystems: what we know and what we need to know (2014, background): “the laboratory for a broad spectrum of marine species: zooplankton [31-33], the lugworm Arenicola marina [34], the Blue mussel Mytilus edulis [35-37], and the sandhopper Talitrus saltator [38].”
Oyster reproduction is affected by exposure to polystyrene microplastics (2016, background): “These studies mainly showed a reduction of feeding activity (19), reserve depletion (13), inflammatory responses (15, 17), and translocation of MP into the circulatory system (14, 17).”