Gas dynamic virtual nozzle for generation of microscopic droplet streams
By D. DePonte, U. Weierstall, K. Schmidt, J. Warner, D. Starodub, J. Spence, R. Doak. 2008
441 citations recorded by the source corpus.
As shown by Gañán-Calvo (1998 Phys. Rev. Lett. 80 285–8), a free liquid jet can be compressed in diameter through gas dynamic forces exerted by a coaxially co-flowing gas, obviating the need for a solid nozzle to form a microscopic liquid jet and thereby alleviating the clogging problems that plague conventional droplet sources of small diameter. We describe in this paper a novel form of droplet beam source based on this principle. The source is miniature, robust, dependable, easily fabricated, essentially immune to clogging and eminently suitable for delivery of microscopic liquid droplets, including hydrated biological samples, into vacuum for analysis using vacuum instrumentation. Monodisperse, single-file droplet streams are generated by triggering the device with a piezoelectric actuator.
Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/f08c10fe82502863e8445280a6f66bbca4b12124
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Citations in the corpus
- Advances in methods for atomic resolution macromolecular structure determination (2020, background): “In the microfluidic setup, a freestanding stream or jet of microcrystals is generated perpendicular to the X-ray beam, and crystals are measured as they flow through the interaction region 156–160 .”
- Serial femtosecond crystallography: the first five years (2015, background): “Fortunately, gas dynamic virtual nozzles (GDVN) (DePonte et al., 2008) provide an elegant solution to both problems.”