Cellular and Molecular Electrophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation Initiation, Maintenance, and Progression

By J. Heijman, N. Voigt, Stanley Nattel, Dobromir Petkov Dobrev. Circulation Research, 2014

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Role of the Autonomic Nervous System in Atrial Fibrillation: Pathophysiology and Therapy (2014, background): “note that another article in this compendium deals in detail with the cellular machinery underlying AF.(55) In this article,”
EHRA/HRS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus on atrial cardiomyopathies: definition, characterization, and clinical implication. (2016, unknown): “4 subunits,(129) whereas agonist-independent current is increased.(41,116)”
2017 HRS/EHRA/ECAS/APHRS/SOLAECE expert consensus statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation (2017, background): “The DF changes were associated with downregulation of ICaL and INa and upregulation of IK1, along with corresponding mRNA or protein changes, as described in extensive previous studies of atrial remodeling.(17) Interstitial fibrosis developed at 6–12 months and coincided with persistent AF.”
2020 ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS) (2021, background): “• Drugs blocking the potassium ultra-rapid current (IKUR) gave disappointing results because of paradoxical shortening of APD and downregulation in AF patients.(221,222) TASK-1, a member of the two-pore-domain potassium current, is abundant in human atria but not in the ventricles, and is up-regulat”