A Secure Charging Scheme for Electric Vehicles With Smart Communities in Energy Blockchain

By Zhou Su, Yuntao Wang, Qichao Xu, Minrui Fei, Yu-Chu Tian, Ning Zhang. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2019

335 citations recorded by the source corpus.

The smart community (SC), as an important part of the Internet of Energy (IoE), can facilitate integration of distributed renewable energy sources and electric vehicles (EVs) in the smart grid. However, due to the potential security and privacy issues caused by untrusted and opaque energy markets, it becomes a great challenge to optimally schedule the charging behaviors of EVs with distinct energy consumption preferences in SC. In this paper, we propose a contract-based energy blockchain for secure EV charging in SC. First, a permissioned energy blockchain system is introduced to implement secure charging services for EVs with the execution of smart contracts. Second, a reputation-based delegated Byzantine fault tolerance consensus algorithm is proposed to efficiently achieve the consensus in the permissioned blockchain. Third, based on the contract theory, the optimal contracts are analyzed and designed to satisfy EVs’ individual needs for energy sources while maximizing the operator’s utility. Furthermore, a novel energy allocation mechanism is proposed to allocate the limited renewable energy for EVs. Finally, extensive numerical results are carried out to evaluate and demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed scheme through comparison with other conventional schemes.

Subfields: Automotive Engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Information Systems

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/eeafc2434bbd5f63995c206eb3eedc1a01550145

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Citations in the corpus

A Survey on Consensus Mechanisms and Mining Strategy Management in Blockchain Networks (2018, methodology): “This framework of blockchains as a P2P trading mediator is also adopted in [214], [215], where the PBFT protocol is used to replace the Nakamoto protocol and form a consortium blockchain.”
Federated Learning Meets Contract Theory: Energy-Efficient Framework for Electric Vehicle Networks (2020, background): “Intuitively, the payment increases when the requested energy increases and vice versa [19], [27], i.”
Energy Crowdsourcing and Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in Blockchain-Enabled Smart Grids (2019, background): “[13] proposed a contract-based blockchain for secure EV charging, and a”
Blockchain for Future Smart Grid: A Comprehensive Survey (2019, background): “Su et al. [83] focused on building a smart contract empowered permissioned blockchain system in order to implement a secure EV charging framework integrated with RESs as well as smart grid in smart community (SC).”
Survey on blockchain based smart contracts: Applications, opportunities and challenges (2021, background): “[182] proposed a contract based energy blockchain for the electric vehicle charging the smart community.”