A DNA Sequence–Based Approach To the Identification of Shark and Ray Species and Its Implications for Global Elasmobranch Diversity and Parasitology
By Gavin J. P. Naylor, J. Caira, K. Jensen, K. M. Rosana, W. White, P. Last. 2012
483 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract In an effort to provide a framework for the accurate identification of elasmobranchs, driven in large part by the needs of parasitological studies, a comprehensive survey of DNA sequences derived from the mitochondrial NADH2 gene was conducted for elasmobranchs collected from around the world. Analysis was based on sequences derived from 4283 specimens representing an estimated 574 (of ∼1221) species (305 sharks, 269 batoids), each represented by 1 to 176 specimens, in 157 (of 193 described) elasmobranch genera in 56 (of 57 described) families of elasmobranchs (only Hypnidae was not represented). A total of 1921 (44.9%) of the samples were represented by vouchers and/or images available in an online host specimen database (http://elasmobranchs.tapewormdb.uconn.edu). A representative sequence for each of the 574 species identified in this survey, as well as an additional 11 sequences for problematic complexes, has been deposited in GenBank. Neighbor-joining analysis of the data revealed a substantial amount of previously undocumented genetic diversity in elasmobranchs, suggesting 79 potentially new taxa (38 sharks, 41 batoids). Within-species p-distance variation in NADH2-percent sequence divergence ranged from 0 to 2.12 with a mean of 0.27; within-genus p-distance variation ranged from 0.03 to 27.01, with a mean of 10.16. These values are roughly consistent with estimates from prior studies based on barcode COI sequences for elasmobranchs and fishes. While biogeographic influences have likely shaped the diversification of the entire group, the traces left by older influences tend to be overprinted by newer ones. As a result, the most clearly interpretable influences are those associated with recently diverged taxa. Among closely related elasmobranchs, four regions appear to be of particular importance: (1) the Atlantic Ocean, (2) Arabian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Red Sea, (3) Southeast Asia, and (4) Australia. Each of these regions has a substantial proportion of taxa that are genetically distinct from their closest relatives in other regions. These results suggest that great care should be taken in establishing the identities of elasmobranch hosts in parasitological studies. Furthermore, it is likely that many existing host records require confirmation.
Subfields: Ecology, Molecular Biology, Nature and Landscape Conservation
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ed1142ec0285b26360f90bd5f510e0aa2fa12fc9
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In Ecology
In Molecular Biology
- Gavin J. P. Naylor
- K. Carpenter
- M. Heupel
- Lei Yang
- W. White
- David L. Swofford
- A. Henderson
- C. Simpfendorfer
In Nature and Landscape Conservation
Citations in the corpus
- Extinction risk and conservation of the world’s sharks and rays (2013, background): “Many areas of the Indian and Pacific Oceans are largely unexplored and, given the level of micro-endemism documented for a number of chondrichthyan groups, it is likely that many more species will be discovered in the future (Last, 2007; Naylor et al., 2012).”
- Phylogeny of the manta and devilrays (Chondrichthyes: mobulidae), with an updated taxonomic arrangement for the family (2018, methodology): “Previous studies of mobulid phylogeny, based on both morphological (Adnet et al., 2012; PaigTran et al., 2013) and molecular data (Aschliman, 2011, 2014; Naylor et al., 2012b; Poortvliet et al., 2015) indicate that the family is a monophyletic lineage comprising three clades.”