Combining probability from independent tests: the weighted Z‐method is superior to Fisher's approach

By M. Whitlock. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 2005

808 citations recorded by the source corpus.

Subfields: Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Genetics

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ecae6e0af4964064cbb23f8cc228a02f681ddbc5

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In Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

In Genetics

Citations in the corpus

INVITED REVIEW: What is a population? An empirical evaluation of some genetic methods for identifying the number of gene pools and their degree of connectivity (2006, methodology): “…genetic data might want to consider the standard method of summing chi-square values across loci (Ryman & Jorde 2001), a multilocus generalization of Goudet et al.’s G-test implemented by Petit et al. (2001), or the weighted Z-method for combining probabilities described by Whitlock (2005).”
Genome-wide association study of circulating vitamin D levels (2010, neutral): “We conducted the metaanalysis of the GWASs, and of the GWAS and replication studies combined, by averaging the signed Wald statistics weighted by the square root of the corresponding sample sizes; this analysis is robust to differences in scale across different techniques for measuring circulating 2”
The distribution of below‐ground traits is explained by intrinsic species differences and intraspecific plasticity in response to root neighbours (2013, methodology): “using Stouffer’s method (Whitlock 2005) to combine P-values from all plots.”
Aging effects on DNA methylation modules in human brain and blood tissue (2012, methodology): “Given methylation (or other) data from multiple independent data sets, and the corresponding ages, the function was used to calculate Stouffer’s meta-analysis Z statistics (reviewed in [39]), P-values, and corresponding q-values (local false discovery rates) [40].”
Historical contingency and the evolution of a key innovation in an experimental population of Escherichia coli (2008, positive): “We also used the Z-transformation method (49) to combine the probabilities from our three experiments, and the result is extremely significant (P & 0.”