Ants, altitude and change in the northern Cape Floristic Region

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An elevational shift in butterfly species richness and composition accompanying recent climate change (2007, background): “Declines may be particularly pronounced where diversity peaks at high elevations, such as for taxa with positive elevational diversity gradients in Mediterranean climatic zones (e.g. Botes et al., 2006).”
Factors and mechanisms explaining spatial heterogeneity: a review of methods for insect populations (2011, methodology): “2009) Generalized linear models (Botes et al. 2006) Climate factors Autoregressive models (Aukema et al.”
A geometric morphometric approach to the study of ecogeographical and clinal variation in vervet monkeys (2007, methodology): “Partial linear regression was used to assess the effects of spatial structuring of variables and estimate the amount of variation of skull size or shape that could be attributed to one set of factors (environment) once the effects of the other (geography) had been taken into account (Legendre & Lege”
Ant assemblages have darker and larger members in cold environments (2016, unknown): “Four grids were placed in each elevational band with grids being separated by at least 300 m. Traps were 55 mm in diameter and used a 50% ethylene glycol or propylene glycol solution to preserve trapped specimens (Botes et al., 2006; Munyai & Foord, 2012; Bishop et al., 2014).”