The future of cancer treatment: immunomodulation, CARs and combination immunotherapy

By D. Khalil, Eric L. Smith, R. Brentjens, J. Wolchok. Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, 2016

1,105 citations recorded by the source corpus.

In the past decade, advances in the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and adoptive cellular therapy to treat cancer by modulating the immune response have led to unprecedented responses in patients with advanced-stage tumours that would otherwise have been fatal. To date, three immune-checkpoint-blocking mAbs have been approved in the USA for the treatment of patients with several types of cancer, and more patients will benefit from immunomodulatory mAb therapy in the months and years ahead. Concurrently, the adoptive transfer of genetically modified lymphocytes to treat patients with haematological malignancies has yielded dramatic results, and we anticipate that this approach will rapidly become the standard of care for an increasing number of patients. In this Review, we highlight the latest advances in immunotherapy and discuss the role that it will have in the future of cancer treatment, including settings for which testing combination strategies and 'armoured' CAR T cells are recommended.

Subfields: Immunology, Oncology

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ea050023949fd4f518b8670ea2b7a647e07f79a4

How researchers see this paper

The researchers whose trusted networks rank it highest, strongest advocate first. Every researcher gets a different order.

In Immunology

1. I. Melero
2. R. Sowell
3. S. Kaech
4. C. Mackall
5. M. Sanmamed
6. Rafi Ahmed
7. E. Wherry
8. M. Bevan

In Oncology

1. I. Melero
2. David L. Rimm
3. R. Sowell
4. S. Kaech
5. Joseph Schlessinger
6. M. Sanmamed
7. R. Roskoski
8. Jeffrey L. Wrana

Citations in the corpus

• Impaired HLA Class I Antigen Processing and Presentation as a Mechanism of Acquired Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Lung Cancer (2017, background): “Recent regulatory agency approvals of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including programmed death 1 (PD-1), programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and cytotoxic Tlymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) antagonist antibodies for multiple advanced solid tumors have marked a new era of cancer therapeuti”
• Tumor Antigen Escape from CAR T-cell Therapy. (2018, background): “It is possible that combining CAR T cells with radiation (46), checkpoint inhibition (47–49), vaccines (50, 51), or other immune agonists (34, 52) will result in epitope spreading that could help counter immune escape, and we anticipate such studies will emerge as the field matures.”
• Drug resistance and combating drug resistance in cancer (2019, background): “Current major treatments for cancer management include surgery, cytotoxic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, radiation therapy, endocrine therapy and immunotherapy([8-12]).”