When and Why do Plants Comply? Paper Mills in the 1980s
By Wayne B. Gray, Ronald J. Shadbegian. 2005
141 citations recorded by the source corpus.
This paper uses census data for 116 pulp and paper mills over the period 1979-1990 to examine the determinants of compliance with air pollution regulations. Several plant characteristics are significant: large plants, old plants, and pulp mills comply less frequently, as do plants with water pollution or OSHA violations, but firm characteristics generally are not significant. Enforcement activity increases compliance, but in a heterogeneous way: pulp mills are less sensitive to inspections, while plants owned by larger firms are less sensitive to inspections and more sensitive to "other" enforcement actions, consistent with the authors' expectations and prior research results.
Subfields: Economics and Econometrics, Marketing, Strategy and Management
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e9990339596cd553216d952a700a7a10a3711a2e
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Citations in the corpus
- The Environmental Performance of Polluting Plants: A Spatial Analysis (2007, background): “Compliance status is examined by Gray and Deily (1996), Gray and Shadbegian (2005), and Nadeau (1997), while emissions have been studied by researchers including Kahn (1999), Shadbegian and Gray (2003), and Gray and Shadbegian (2004).1 This research most often focuses on specific deterrence, which…”
- The Effectiveness of Environmental Monitoring and Enforcement: A Review of the Empirical Evidence (2011, background): “manufacturing plants, Gray and Shadbegian (2007) took the analysis of general deterrence further by incorporating information on the exact location of each plant.”
- Making Self-Regulation More Than Merely Symbolic: The Critical Role of the Legal Environment (2010, unknown): “…by regulated entities (Magat and Viscusi, 1990; Gray and Scholz, 1991; Earnhart, 2004; Mendelhoff and Gray, 2005; Shimshack and Ward, 2005) or recorded by agency inspectors (Braithwaite and Makkai, 1991; Gray and Scholz, 1993; U.S. General Accounting Offi ce, 2001; Gray and Shadbegian, 2005).”