Economic growth-electricity consumption causality in 12 European countries: A dynamic panel data approach

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The contribution of foreign direct investment to clean energy use, carbon emissions and economic growth (2013, background): “, 2007; Lee and Chang, 2008), in the Commonwealth of Independent States (Apergis and Payne, 2010), in European countries (Ciarreta and Zarraga, 2010), in developing countries (Lee, 2005; Sari and Soytas, 2007), and in developed and developing countries (Chontanawat et al.”
Economic growth, energy conservation and emissions reduction: A comparative analysis based on panel data for 8 Asian-Pacific countries (2011, background): “Ciarreta and Zarraga (2010) investigated the relationship between electricity consumption and actual GDP for a set of 12 European countries and found evidence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between the three series and a negative short-run and strong causality from electricity consumption…”
Estimating the Environment Kuznets Curve hypothesis: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean countries (2015, background): “Likewise, Ciarreta and Zarraga [15] in a number of European countries, Yuan et al.”
Factors Affecting CO2 Emissions in the BRICS Countries: A Panel Data Analysis (2015, background): “…countries (Chen et al., 2007; Lee and Chang, 2008), in the Commonwealth of Independent States (Apergis and Payne, 2010), in European countries (Ciarreta and Zarraga, 2010), in developing countries (Lee, 2005; Sari and Soytas, 2007), and in developed and developingcountries (Chontanawat et…”