Relativistic iron K X-ray reverberation in NGC 4151
By A. Zoghbi, A. C. Fabian, C. Reynolds, E. Cackett. 2011
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Recent X-ray observations have enabled the study of reverberation delays in active galactic nuclei (AGN) for the first time. All the detections so far are in sources with a strong soft excess, and the measured delay is between the hard (1–3 keV) direct continuum and the soft excess (0.5–1 keV), interpreted as the reflection continuum smeared by relativistic effects. There is however an inherent ambiguity in identifying and studying the details of the lines in the soft excess. Here we report the first detection of reverberation in the iron K band in any AGN. Using XMM–Newton observations of NGC 4151, we find delays of the order of 2000 s on time-scales of 105 s between the keV band and the and keV bands, with a broad lag profile resembling a relativistically broadened iron line. The peak of the lag spectra shifts to lower energies at higher frequencies, consistent with the red wing of the line being emitted at smaller radii, as expected from reflection off the inner accretion disc. This is a first detection of a broad iron line using timing studies.
Subfields: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geophysics
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e90d79f8a466a4e42282e99d65fbed0305371de8
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Citations in the corpus
- Measuring Black Hole Spin Using X-Ray Reflection Spectroscopy (2013, methodology): “Very recently, Zoghbi et al. (2012, 2013) has used similar techniques to find reverberation lags in the broad iron lines of NGC 4151, NGC 7314 and MCG–5-23-16 (some of the brightest Seyfert-1 galaxies in the iron-K band).”
- X-ray reverberation around accreting black holes (2014, methodology): “Cackett et al. (2014) fit the energy-dependent lags in NGC 4151 from Zoghbi et al. (2012) using the GR impulse responses of Reynolds et al. (1999) discussed here.”
- A global look at X-ray time lags in seyfert galaxies (2016, background): “Robust confirmation of the interpretation of highfrequency soft lags came with the discovery of iron K reverberation in the very bright Seyfert, NGC 4151 (Zoghbi et al. 2012).”
- Irradiation of an accretion disc by a jet: general properties and implications for spin measurements of black holes (2013, background): “…applied to a small subset of extragalactic black holes, e.g., 1H0707−495 (Fabian et al. 2009; Zoghbi et al. 2010; Zoghbi & Fabian 2011; Kara et al. 2013), NGC 4151 (Zoghbi et al. 2012), MCG−6-30-15 and Mrk 766 (Emmanoulopoulos, McHardy & Papadakis 2011), and PG 1211+143 (de Marco et al. 2011)).”
- Active galactic nuclei: what’s in a name? (2017, background): “…BHXRBs; the fact that the inner/outer disk and the BLR directly respond to continuum variations as inferred from results of X-ray (Fabian et al. 2009; Zoghbi et al. 2012; De Marco et al. 2013; Kara et al. 2016) and UV/optical reverberation mapping (e.g. Peterson et al. 2004; Edelson et al. 2015).”