Chitosan for coagulation/flocculation processes. An eco-friendly approach.

By François Renault, Bertrand Sancey, P. Badot, G. Crini. 2009

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Remediation of Heavy Metals by Biomolecules: A Review (2015, background): “However, these two parameters have not been taken into account by Ruĺıšek and Vondrášek (1998). Different studies confirmed the importance of pH and ligand concentration (Carrera et al.”
Coagulation with polymers for nanofiltration pre-treatment of highly concentrated dyes: a review (2011, background): “molecular weight, degree of deacetylation and crystallinity) leading to maximum performance [112].”
Microalgae biofuels: A critical review of issues, problems and the way forward. (2012, methodology): “In addition, conventional flocculation method also posed several disadvantages: (1) high dosage of multivalent salt is required to achieve satisfactory result, (2) produces large quantity of sludge that increases the difficulty to dehydrate the biomass and (3) flocculation efficiency is highly depen”
Removal of natural organic matter in drinking water treatment by coagulation: A comprehensive review. (2018, background): “So far, the commercially available natural coagulants mainly include chitosan and tannin-based-coagulants (Heiderscheidt et al., 2016; Oladoja, 2016; Renault et al., 2009; Graham et al., 2008).”
Shear strength behavior and parameters of microbial gellan gum-treated soils: from sand to clay (2019, background): “Hydrated biopolymers are known to be effective coagulants for clay particles [74, 75], while electrically neutral sand particles (e.”