Advances in 4D Printing: Materials and Applications
By Xiao Kuang, D. Roach, Jiangtao Wu, Craig M. Hamel, Zhen Ding, Tiejun Wang, Martin L. Dunn, H. Jerry Qi. Advanced Functional Materials, 2018
857 citations recorded by the source corpus.
4D printing has attracted tremendous interest since its first conceptualization in 2013. 4D printing derived from the fast growth and interdisciplinary research of smart materials, 3D printer, and design. Compared with the static objects created by 3D printing, 4D printing allows a 3D printed structure to change its configuration or function with time in response to external stimuli such as temperature, light, water, etc., which makes 3D printing alive. Herein, the material systems used in 4D printing are reviewed, with emphasis on mechanisms and potential applications. After a brief overview of the definition, history, and basic elements of 4D printing, the state‐of‐the‐art advances in 4D printing for shape‐shifting materials are reviewed in detail. Both single material and multiple materials using different mechanisms for shape changing are summarized. In addition, 4D printing of multifunctional materials, such as 4D bioprinting, is briefly introduced. Finally, the trend of 4D printing and the perspectives for this exciting new field are highlighted.
Subfields: Biomedical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e666057df7e4bf1b80c5b24f575a81948d864291
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Citations in the corpus
- The shape – morphing performance of magnetoactive soft materials (2021, background): “Very recently, there are a couple of excellent review papers appearing in the literature that focus on various aspects of multifunctional materials such as three-dimensional (3D) printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM) techniques, hydrogels and other soft polymers and their smart variant”
- Projection micro stereolithography based 3D printing and its applications (2020, neutral): “The early attempts on 4D printing mainly relied on a commercial multimaterial PolyJet 3D printer (ObJet, Stratasys, MN, USA) which has the limitations including low mechanical performance of the printing materials provided by the supplier, untailorable 3D printing materials, and relatively low plana”
- Additive Manufacturing: A Comprehensive Review (2024, background): “This dynamic technology leverages smart materials, including shape-memory polymers and responsive hydrogels, to fabricate objects with pre-programmed transformations [135].”