Submergence of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in commercial scale sea-cages: A potential short-term solution to poor surface conditions
By T. Dempster, Ø. Korsøen, O. Folkedal, J. Juell, F. Oppedal. 2009
109 citations recorded by the source corpus.
Abstract Submergence of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) in commercial scale sea-cages (1600–2000 m 3 ) affected their behaviour, but did not alter growth rates, food conversion ratios, appetite, condition factor or fin condition in comparison with control cages held under similar environmental conditions. Four sea-cages each held 3300–4200 Atlantic salmon of 0.45 kg; two cages acted as controls, while two were submerged for 22 days with the roof held at 3 m depth. Salmon in the control cages mainly swam at similar depths to those maintained by submerged fish, resulting in both treatments experiencing similar temperature, light, salinity and dissolved oxygen levels. Submerged fish swam an average of 1.6 times faster (0.88 BL s − 1 ) and in more structured schools than control fish (0.55 BL s − 1 ). Specific growth rates (1.1–1.3% day − 1 ), appetite (0.8–1.2% body weight day − 1 ) and condition factor (1.10–1.15) were high, while food conversion ratios (0.6–1.0) and the incidence of fin damage were low in all cages, with no significant differences between the control and submerged treatments. Our results highlight the potential for submergence of salmon in sea-cages for short periods to avoid negative surface events.
Subfields: Ecology, Immunology, Nature and Landscape Conservation
View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e6127bd2f8ff70d8d21c441392482876432c7f98
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Citations in the corpus
- Non-infectious gill disorders of marine salmonid fish (2011, unknown): “Short term submergence of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) pens has been experimentally shown as a potential method to avoid negative surface algal blooms (Dempster et al. 2009).”
- Salmon Welfare Index Model (SWIM 1.0): a semantic model for overall welfare assessment of caged Atlantic salmon: review of the selected welfare indicators and model presentation (2013, background): “Observations from sea cages show that during daytime salmon cruise at 0.3–0.9 BL s)1 (Juell 1995; Dempster et al. 2008, 2009; Korsøen et al. 2009), while they typically slow down during darkness to 0–0.4 BL s)1 (Korsøen et al. 2009).”
- Welfare Indicators for farmed Atlantic salmon: Tools for assessing fish welfare (2018, background): “Typical signs of empty swim-bladders in submerged salmon include tilted ‘tail-down, head-up’ swimming, exhausted fish and reduced appetite [122, 123, 124].”