Brain oedema in focal ischaemia: molecular pathophysiology and theoretical implications.

By J. Simard, T. Kent, Mingkui Chen, K. Tarasov, V. Gerzanich. Lancet Neurology, 2007

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Neuroprotection for ischemic stroke: past, present and future. (2008, neutral): “…Choi, 1995; Tymianski et al., 1996; Erecinska et al., 1996) Ischemic brain edema (Schilling et al., 1999; Rosenberg, 1999; Manley et al., 2004; Simard et al., 2007) Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity (Rothman et al., 1986; Choi et al., 1990; Hossmann, 1994a; Hansen, 1995;…”
Neurovascular pathways to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease and other disorders (2011, background): “In addition to protein-mediated vasogenic oedema, local tissue ischaemia–hypoxia depletes ATP stores, causing (Na + +K + )ATPase pumps and Na + -dependent ion channels to stop working and, consequently, the endothelium and astrocytes to swell (known as cytotoxic oedema”
The blood–brain barrier in systemic infection and inflammation (2021, background): “Changes to water permeability with cerebral edema may be complex depending on temporal sequencing of cytotoxic and vasogenic components; cytotoxic edema is not associated with increased BBB permeability, but if endothelial cells undergo swelling or there is bystander damage to the vascular wall, BBB”