Confluence analysis by means of instrumental sets of variables

By Olav Reiersöl. 1945

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Citations in the corpus

Controlling for endogeneity with instrumental variables in strategic management research (2008, methodology): “The instrumental variables solution to endogeneity problems One common strategy to adequately address endogeneity concerns is to use instrumental variables (IV hereafter) methods (Reiersøl, 1945; Sargan, 1958; Wright, 1928).”
Latent Variable Modelling: A Survey * (2007, methodology): “Structural equation modelling without latent variables, often called ‘path analysis’, was introduced by Wright (1918) and further developed as ‘simultaneous equation modelling’ by the Cowles Commission econometricians during World War II (e.”
Sargan's Intrumental Variables Estimation and the Generalized Method of Moments (2002, methodology): “Sargan suggested following Reiersøl (1945) and base estimation on the sample orthogonality conditions, 1 T TX tD1 ztut ² ³ 1 T TX tD1 ztw 0 t ´ D 01 which provide r equations for the q ratios of the coef cients.”
Deep IV: A Flexible Approach for Counterfactual Prediction (2017, background): “The IV framework has a long history, especially in economics (e.g., Wright, 1928; Reiersøl., 1945).”
An Extended Class of Instrumental Variables for the Estimation of Causal Effects (2011, methodology): “A standard definition is that Z is proper if it is “valid,” i.e. E(ZUy) = 0, and “relevant,” i.e. E(XZ) ≠ 0 (e.g., Hamilton, 1994 p.238; Hayashi, 2000 p.191; Wooldridge, 2002 p.83-84). P.G. Wright (1928) first used instrumental variables, which he called “curve shifters,” to identify supply and dema”