Detection and localization of surgically resectable cancers with a multi-analyte blood test

By J. Cohen, Lu Li, Yuxuan Wang, C. Thoburn, Bahman Afsari, Ludmila V. Danilova, Christopher Douville, A. Javed, F. Wong, A. Mattox and 32 more. Science, 2018

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SEEK and you may find cancer earlier Many cancers can be cured by surgery and/or systemic therapies when detected before they have metastasized. This clinical reality, coupled with the growing appreciation that cancer's rapid genetic evolution limits its response to drugs, have fueled interest in methodologies for earlier detection of the disease. Cohen et al. developed a noninvasive blood test, called CancerSEEK that can detect eight common human cancer types (see the Perspective by Kalinich and Haber). The test assesses eight circulating protein biomarkers and tumor-specific mutations in circulating DNA. In a study of 1000 patients previously diagnosed with cancer and 850 healthy control individuals, CancerSEEK detected cancer with a sensitivity of 69 to 98% (depending on cancer type) and 99% specificity. Science, this issue p. 926; see also p. 866 A blood test that combines protein and DNA markers may allow earlier detection of eight common cancer types. Earlier detection is key to reducing cancer deaths. Here, we describe a blood test that can detect eight common cancer types through assessment of the levels of circulating proteins and mutations in cell-free DNA. We applied this test, called CancerSEEK, to 1005 patients with nonmetastatic, clinically detected cancers of the ovary, liver, stomach, pancreas, esophagus, colorectum, lung, or breast. CancerSEEK tests were positive in a median of 70% of the eight cancer types. The sensitivities ranged from 69 to 98% for the detection of five cancer types (ovary, liver, stomach, pancreas, and esophagus) for which there are no screening tests available for average-risk individuals. The specificity of CancerSEEK was greater than 99%: only 7 of 812 healthy controls scored positive. In addition, CancerSEEK localized the cancer to a small number of anatomic sites in a median of 83% of the patients.

Subfields: Cancer Research, Genetics, Pathology and Forensic Medicine

View Paper: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/e1f5efe6e746df7d22f2ddf44cc36ea22f19dd71

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Citations in the corpus

ESMO recommendations on the use of circulating tumour DNA assays for patients with cancer: a report from the ESMO Precision Medicine Working Group. (2022, background): “32 Large efforts have been conducted in this ﬁ eld so far, with studies demonstrating high speci ﬁ city and encouraging sensitivity with error-corrected sequencing 116 that may be combined with protein biomarkers, 117 genome-wide fragmentation patterns 118 and methylation-based ctDNA assays.”
Artificial intelligence in Cancer Imaging: Clinical Challenges and Applications (2019, background): “27-29 Thus, it is conceivable that liquid biopsies, combined with radiomics profiling, may significantly improve cancer treatment through the noninvasive characterization of cancer biology for a more accurate assessment of prognosis and real-time disease monitoring for the purposes of precision…”
Artificial Intelligence in Cancer Research and Precision Medicine (2021, background): “32).”
Large-scale pancreatic cancer detection via non-contrast CT and deep learning (2023, neutral): “Liquid biopsy for cancer detection 26,35,36 has shown specificities of more than 99% but the sensitivity for early-stage pancreatic cancer detection is only satisfactory (approx.”
Liquid Biopsy: From Discovery to Clinical Application. (2021, methodology): “In addition, research groups have added circulating proteins and used machine learning algorithms to establish a composite biomarker assay (50, 51).”